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. 2014 May 8;5:391. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00391

Table 2.

Pre- and post-test assessments of vocabulary, listening comprehension, narrative macrostructure, and narrative microstructure.

SNRI group CFLI group
Pre-test median (Range) Median gain (Range) Post-pre sig. test n = 4 Effect size (r) Pre-test median (Range) Median gain (Range) Post-pre sig. test n = 5 Effect size (r)
PPVT-4 64.5 (54–99) 7.5 (4–14) Z = 1.83 p = 0.07 0.92 65.0 (42–100) 3.0 (–6 to 19) Z = 1.10 p = 0.27 0.49
ALL listening comprehension 11.5 (4–16) 0.5 (–1 to 3) Z = 0.82 p = 0.41 0.41 9.0 (1–16) 3.0 (–1 to 7) Z = 1.63 p = 0.10 0.73
Narrative macrostructure 10.5 (6–20) 9.5 (0–13) Z = 1.60 p = 0.11 0.80 13.0 (2–19) 6.0 (3–10) Z = 2.03 p = 0.04 0.91
Total number of words 91.5 (63–132) 43.5 (24–58) Z = 1.83 p = 0.07 0.92 112.0 (30–118) 28.0 (–6 to 47) Z = 1.21 p = 0.23 0.54
Number of different words 57.5 (41–73) 16.0 (6–28) Z = 1.83 p = 0.07 0.92 66.0 (22–75) 13.0 (–6 to 26) Z = 1.22 p = 0.23 0.54
Mean length of utterance 7.42 (5.12–8.00) 0.18 (0.17–1.05) Z = 1.84 p = 0.07 0.92 5.89 (4.29–7.00) 1.68 (–2.52 to 2.24) Z = 0.67 p = 0.50 0.30
Clausal density 1.56 (1.13–1.71) 0.01 (–0.15 to 0.27) Z = 0.37 p = 0.72 0.18 1.33 (1.20–1.38) 0.26 (0.13–0.43) Z = 2.02 p = 0.04 0.90