Table 4.
Multivariable linear regression for dependent variables of baseline RMDQ and back pain NRS on patient characteristics
|
Independent variable |
Levels |
Dependent variable: RMDQ (0–24) |
Dependent variable: back pain intensity (0–10) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coef* (95% CI) | P-value | Coef* (95% CI) | P-value | ||
|
Site |
Boston |
Ref |
<0.001 |
Ref |
<0.001 |
| |
Detroit |
5.22 (4.56, 5.88) |
1.26 (0.96, 1.56) |
||
| |
N. CA |
3.30 (2.77, 3.82) |
0.59 (0.35, 0.83) |
||
|
Age |
(Per year)
|
0.03 (0.00, 0.05) |
0.048 |
0.00 (-0.01, 0.01) |
0.983 |
|
Sex |
Male |
Ref |
<0.001 |
Ref |
<0.001 |
| |
Female |
1.10 (0.73, 1.46) |
0.50 (0.34, 0.67) |
||
|
Hispanic |
Yes |
Ref |
0.578 |
Ref |
0.087 |
| |
No |
-0.24 (-1.10, 0.62) |
-0.34 (-0.73, 0.05) |
||
|
Race |
Black or African American |
Ref |
0.011 |
Ref |
<0.001 |
| |
Native American Indian/Alaskan/Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander |
-0.13 (-1.93, 1.67) |
-0.05 (-0.88, 0.77) |
||
| |
Asian |
-0.29 (-1.25, 0.68) |
-0.50 (-0.94, -0.06) |
||
| |
Caucasian |
-0.76 (-1.27, -0.25) |
-0.72 (-0.96, -0.49) |
||
| |
Other |
0.16 (-0.79, 1.10) |
-0.51 (-0.94, -0.07) |
||
|
Education |
Less than high school graduate |
Ref |
<0.001 |
Ref |
<0.001 |
| |
High school graduate/obtained a GED/Vocational, technical, or trade school |
-1.13 (-1.87, -0.39) |
-0.35 (-0.69, -0.02) |
||
| |
Some college |
-2.20 (-2.96, -1.44) |
-0.40 (-0.75, -0.06) |
||
| |
Four year college graduate |
-2.99 (-3.78, -2.20) |
-0.80 (-1.16, -0.44) |
||
| |
Professional or graduate degree |
-3.04 (-3.85, -2.23) |
-1.05 (-1.42, -0.68) |
||
|
Marital |
Married/living with a partner |
Ref |
0.386 |
Ref |
0.086 |
| |
Separated/divorced |
0.20 (-0.34, 0.73) |
0.07 (-0.17, 0.32) |
||
| |
Never married and presently single |
0.45 (-0.31, 1.21) |
0.25 (-0.10, 0.60) |
||
| |
Widowed |
0.33 (-0.12, 0.78) |
0.25 (0.04, 0.45) |
||
|
Employment |
Working full-time/part-time |
Ref |
<0.001 |
Ref |
0.003 |
| |
Retired (not due to ill health) |
0.86 (0.33, 1.38) |
0.30 (0.06, 0.54) |
||
| |
Retired or disabled because of ill health |
3.90 (2.82, 4.99) |
0.87 (0.38, 1.37) |
||
| |
Other |
0.60 (-0.33, 1.54) |
0.08 (-0.34, 0.51) |
||
|
Legal rep. |
Yes |
Ref |
0.059 |
Ref |
0.115 |
| |
No |
-2.00 (-4.07, 0.08) |
-0.76 (-1.71, 0.19) |
||
|
Smoking status |
Never Smoked |
Ref |
<0.001 |
Ref |
0.012 |
| |
Quit smoking over a year ago |
0.39 (0.04, 0.74) |
0.13 (-0.03, 0.29) |
||
| |
Current smoker/quit less than a year ago |
1.46 (0.77, 2.15) |
0.45 (0.14, 0.77) |
||
|
ICD9 code |
Non-specific |
Ref |
<0.001 |
Ref |
0.051 |
| |
Back and Leg |
1.00 (0.59, 1.42) |
-0.04 (-0.23, 0.15) |
||
| |
Spinal Stenosis |
1.08 (0.35, 1.81) |
-0.46 (-0.79, -0.13) |
||
| |
Others |
-0.75 (-1.46, -0.05) |
-0.14 (-0.47, 0.18) |
||
|
Pain duration |
0 - 1 month |
Ref |
<0.001 |
Ref |
<0.001 |
| |
1 - 3 month |
0.62 (0.16, 1.08) |
0.13 (-0.08, 0.34) |
||
| |
3 - 6 month |
0.61 (-0.07, 1.30) |
0.33 (0.02, 0.65) |
||
| |
6 - 12 month |
1.07 (0.35, 1.78) |
0.42 (0.10, 0.75) |
||
| |
1 - 5 years |
1.80 (1.29, 2.31) |
0.46 (0.23, 0.69) |
||
| |
> 5 years |
2.03 (1.56, 2.50) |
0.53 (0.31, 0.74) |
||
| Time from index visit to assessment (per day, 0–21) | -0.04 (-0.08, -0.00) | 0.029 | -0.07 (-0.08, -0.05) | <0.001 | |
*Multivariable regression model coefficients are on the scale of the dependent variable and are not standardized.