Table 3.

Associations between quartiles of arsenic exposure and odds of self-reported symptoms during pregnancy for women that were followed throughout pregnancy

	Any symptom		Cold/flu/infection		Nausea/vomiting		Abdominal cramping		Headache
	Crude OR	aOR	Crude OR	aOR	Crude OR	aOR	Crude OR	aOR	Crude OR	aOR
	(95% CI)	(95% CI)	(95% CI)	(95% CI)	(95% CI)	(95% CI)	(95% CI)	(95% CI)	(95% CI)	(95% CI)
Water arsenic
Q4 (High)	2.69 (1.90–3.81)	2.11 (1.42–3.13)	0.82 (0.54–1.25)	0.71 (0.45–1.14)	2.19 (1.58–3.02)	1.81 (1.26–2.60)	2.34 (1.69–3.24)	1.62 (1.13–2.32)	1.16 (0.84–1.61)	1.11 (0.77–1.90)
Q3	2.20 (1.56, 3.09)	1.83 (1.25–2.69)	0.98 (0.65–1.48)	0.88 (0.55–1.39)	1.78 (1.29–2.47)	1.52 (1.05–2.18)	1.86 (1.34–2.58)	1.31 (0.91–1.88)	0.93 (0.66–1.29)	0.86 (0.59–1.25)
Q2	0.58 (0.42–0.78)	0.62 (0.44–0.88)	1.16 (0.79–1.72)	1.30 (0.85–1.99)	0.86 (0.62–1.21)	0.98 (0.68–1.41)	0.54 (0.38–0.77)	0.55 (0.37–0.81)	0.71 (0.51–1.00)	0.77 (0.53–1.10)
Q1 (Low)	1.0 Ref	1.0 Ref	1.0 Ref	1.0 Ref	1.0 Ref	1.0 Ref	1.0 Ref	1.0 Ref	1.0 Ref	1.0 Ref
Test for trend	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.42	0.08	<0.0001	0.001	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.04	0.19

Adjusted models include age, BMI, second-hand smoke exposure, maternal educational status, parity, anemia status, ferritin status, type of sanitation used at home, use of herbal remedy or medication, and household income. The average arsenic concentration and range for each quartile is: Q4 = 144.7 μg/L (32 μg/L – 1,400 μg/L); Q3 = 12.0 μg/L (2.1 μg/L – 31 μg/L); Q2 = 1.5 μg/L (0.9 μg/L – 2.0 μg/L); and Q1 = 0.7 μg/L (0.5 μg/L – 0.89 μg/L).