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. 2014 Apr 13;13:82. doi: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-82

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Copyright © 2014 Weng et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Gallbladder cancer cell lines express MMP-9 and CD44 mRNA, and hyaluronan treatment increases MMP-9 mRNA expression. A, B. MMP-9 and CD44 mRNA expression in GBC-SD at different HA concentrations (*, P < 0.05). C. D. Gelatin zymogram of MMP-9 and pro-MMP-9 from supernatants and membrane extracts of GBC-SD and their relative activity levels by densitometric scans (*, compared with HA group, p< 0.05). E. Crystal violet staining of GBC-SD and SGC-996 invasive cells on the outer surface of the upper chambers following the addition of HA. F. Percentage of positive cells per microscope field.