Table 1.

Artemisinins and other antimalarials

Drug	Date of discovery or creation	Initial action in parasite	Cross- resistance to CQ*	Half-life (h)	Route of administration for treatment	Reference
Artemisinin	1973	Membrane system, on membrane of food vacuoles etc.	Low	0.5–0.7	po	[5,8-10]
Artemether	1976		Ditto	0.90 ± 0.37	po, im	[8,11,18]
Artesunate	1977		Ditto	0.6–0.8	po, im, iv	[23,24]
Dihydroartemisinin	1976		Ditto	2.6	po	[11,27]
Piperaquine	1965	Food vacuoles	Possession	216	po	[30-32]
Pyronaridine	1970	1. Food vacuoles	Without	65,251**	po, im, iv drip	[38-45]
		2. Pellicular complexes
Benflumetol	1976	***	***	47.4	po	[51,52]
Naphthoquine	1981	Membrane system	Possession	41–57	po	[56]

*The tests were against P. berghei in mice. CQ: chloroquine.

**By different methods.

***The initial action and cross-resistance of the drug were reported to be similar to those of mefloquine.