TABLE 3.
Multiple linear regression analyses of the relation between biomarkers of dairy fat intake and fasting glucose concentrations and oral glucose tolerance, as measured by the AUC for glucose during a 2-h oral-glucose-tolerance test1
| Oral glucose tolerance |
|||
| Model | Fasting glucose(n = 32)2 | Glucose AUC(n = 32)2 | Incremental glucose AUC(n = 32)2 |
| ln(mg/dL) | mg/dL · min | ||
| PL 15:0 | |||
| 1 | −1.816 (−2.899, −0.733)* | −33,873 (−63,876, −3869)* | −10,011 (−32,457, 12,435) |
| 2 | −1.841 (−2.913, −0.768)* | −34,272 (−63,883, −4661)* | −9,940 (−32,755, 12,874) |
| 3 | −1.833 (−2.980, −0.686)* | −28,202 (−58,821, 2417) | −4,202 (−27,365, 18,961) |
| PL 17:0 | |||
| 1 | −0.703 (−1.371, −0.035)* | −22,850 (−39,035, −6665)* | −13,462 (−25,220, −1703)* |
| 2 | −0.798 (−1.452, −0.144)* | −23,941 (−39,542, −8340)* | −13,259 (−25,126, −1392)* |
| 3 | −0.834 (−1.592, −0.075)* | −21,060 (−39,010, −3110)* | −10,109 (−23,628, 3410) |
| PL t-16:1n−7 | |||
| 1 | −1.036 (−2.081, 0.008) | −26,160 (−52,809, 489) | −12,775 (−32,030, 6481) |
| 2 | −1.310 (−2.416, −0.204)* | –36,018 (−63,213, −8824)* | −18,683 (−39,220, 1853) |
| 3 | −1.358 (−2.639, −0.077)* | −29,916 (−60,997, 1166) | −12,350 (−35,529, 10,828) |
| FFA 15:0 | |||
| 1 | −1.179 (−2.043, −0.316)* | −31,701 (−52,064, −11,338)* | −16,085 (−31,143, −1027)* |
| 2 | −1.086 (−2.077, −0.096)* | −32,426 (−55,447, −9405)* | −17,995 (−35,134, −856)* |
| 3 | −1.016 (−2.116, 0.084) | −27,342 (−52,392, −2293)* | −14,120 (−32,748, 4508) |
| FFA 17:0 | |||
| 1 | −0.474 (−1.077, 0.129) | −18,610 (−32,147, −5074)* | −12,200 (−21,589, −2811)* |
| 2 | −0.536 (−1.186, 0.113) | −18,071 (−33,126, −3016)* | −10,957 (−21,841, −72)* |
| 3 | −0.466 (−1.203, 0.271) | −14,255 (−31,029, 2519) | −8,283 (−20,428, 3862) |
| FFA t-16:1n−7 | |||
| 1 | −1.384 (−3.056, 0.289) | −31,900 (−72,816, 9017) | −13,833 (−42,632, 14,967) |
| 2 | −1.230 (−3.328, 0.867) | −35,252 (−86,061, 15,558) | −18,945 (−55,190, 17,300) |
| 3 | −1.006 (−3.189, 1.176) | −25,086 (−75,933, 25,762) | −12,072 (−48,554, 24,409) |
1
Data are unadjusted β coefficients (95% CIs). Model 1, unadjusted; model 2, adjusted for age, sex, and BMI; model 3, adjusted as for model 2 plus liver-spleen ratio, a measure of liver fat content. *Statistically significant association, P < 0.05. FFA, free fatty acid; PL, phospholipid.
2
n = 32 for PL analyses and n = 30 for FFA analyses.