Table 5.

Results of Mixed-Effects Models Examining Differences in Age-Associated Cognitive Slope by Birth Cohorts: Language (Category Fluency Animals) as Outcome

	Model 1			Model 2
	Coefficient	SE	p Value	Coefficient	SE	p Value
Intercept	.35	0.08	<.0001	.47	0.08	<.0001
Female	−.04	0.03	.12	−.04	0.03	.14
Age	−.03	0.008	.0004	−.02	0.008	.001
Second assessment	.01	0.05	.77	.02	0.05	.69
Third assessment	.07	0.05	.20	.07	0.05	.18
Second assessment × MYHAT	−.01	0.04	.76	−.02	0.04	.68
Third assessment × MYHAT	−.10	0.04	.03	−.1	0.04	.02
Cohort 1902–1911	−.89	0.09	<.0001	−.69	0.09	<.0001
Cohort 1912–1921	−.64	0.08	<.0001	−.52	0.08	<.0001
Cohort 1922–1931	−.39	0.08	<.0001	−.35	0.08	<.0001
Age × Cohort 1902–1911	−.05	0.01	<.0001	−.05	0.01	<.0001
Age × Cohort 1912–1921	−.01	0.008	.14	−.01	0.008	.10
Age × Cohort 1922–1931	−.006	0.009	.50	−.008	0.008	.35
Second assessment × Cohort 1902–1911	.10	0.07	.15	.09	0.07	.20
Second assessment × Cohort 1912–1921	.04	0.05	.42	.03	0.05	.49
Second assessment × Cohort 1922–1931	.03	0.04	.45	.03	0.04	.48
Third assessment × Cohort 1902–1911	−.04	0.07	.56	−.05	0.07	.50
Third assessment × Cohort 1912–1921	−.01	0.05	.83	−.01	0.05	.78
Third assessment × Cohort 1922–1931	.06	0.04	.16	.06	0.04	.16
Education
<High school				−.48	0.04	<.0001
=High school				−.19	0.04	<.0001
Age × Education (<high school)				−.003	0.004	.56
Age × Education (=high school)				−.001	0.004	.81

Notes: Reference groups: male; Cohort 1932–1943; Age × Cohort 1932–1943; Age × Education (>high school). Age variable was centered at age 80 (ie, age at each assessment −80). Age and intercept are treated as random effects. Second and third assessments refer to the practice (assessment) effects at the second and third assessments. MYHAT = Monongahela-Youghiogheny Healthy Aging Team study.