Table 3.
Association of Baseline Dietary Variables With Frailty Status at the Second Clinic Visit in Men Who Were Robust at Baseline (n = 2,423)
| OR (95% CI)*,† of Intermediate Status Relative to Robust Status | OR (95% CI)*,† of Frailty Status Relative to Robust Status | OR (95% CI)*,† of Deceased Status Relative to Robust Status | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carbohydrate (% energy) | |||
| Q1 (9.3–43.3) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Q2 (43.4–47.7) | 0.75 (0.56, 1.00) | 0.81 (0.24, 2.75) | 0.92 (0.52, 1.64) |
| Q3 (47.8–52.0) | 0.84 (0.63, 1.12) | 0.82 (0.25, 2.65) | 1.18 (0.68, 2.06) |
| Q4 (52.1–57.1) | 0.78 (0.58, 1.04) | 0.59 (0.16, 2.18) | 1.08 (0.61, 1.92) |
| Q5 (57.2–80.6) | 0.85 (0.63, 1.41) | 0.60 (0.16, 2.28) | 1.06 (0.58, 1.94) |
| p Value for linear trend | .35 | .38 | .68 |
| Fat (% energy) | |||
| Q1 (8.1–29.7) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Q2 (29.8–34.9) | 1.17 (0.87, 1.57) | 1.33 (0.34, 5.11) | 0.61 (0.31, 1.21) |
| Q3 (35.0–38.7) | 0.95 (0.70, 1.28) | 0.22 (0.02, 2.05) | 1.61 (0.92, 2.84) |
| Q4 (38.8–43.1) | 0.88 (0.64, 1.19) | 2.67 (0.78, 9.09) | 0.87 (0.47, 1.62) |
| Q5 (43.2–72.5) | 1.25 (0.93, 1.67) | 1.42 (0.35, 5.67) | 1.06 (0.57, 1.96) |
| p Value for linear trend | .63 | .25 | .62 |
| Protein (% energy) | |||
| Q1 (8.2– 13.7) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Q2 (13.8–15.2) | 1.14 (0.84, 1.55) | 1.27 (0.39, 4.17) | 1.09 (0.63, 1.88) |
| Q3 (15.3–16.5) | 0.97 (0.71, 1.32) | 0.93 (0.27, 3.19) | 0.83 (0.47, 1.47) |
| Q4 (16.6–18.3) | 1.13 (0.83, 1.53) | 0.53 (0.12, 2.28) | 0.94 (0.53, 1.65) |
| Q5 (18.4–28.6) | 1.08 (0.80, 1.46) | 0.70 (0.18, 2.76) | 0.52 (0.27, 0.99) |
| p Value for linear trend | .71 | .30 | .0463 |
| Dietary fiber (g/1000 kcal) | |||
| Q1 (1.8–8.1) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Q2 (8.2–9.7) | 0.81 (0.60, 1.09) | 0.94 (0.28, 3.17) | 1.21 (0.64, 2.26) |
| Q3 (9.8–11.6) | 0.75 (0.56, 1.02) | 0.53 (0.14, 2.03) | 1.64 (0.91, 2.98) |
| Q4 (11.7–14.1) | 0.85 (0.63, 1.13) | 0.68 (0.19, 2.43) | 1.24 (0.66, 2.34) |
| Q5 (14.2–32.5) | 0.86 (0.64, 1.16) | 0.83 (0.23, 3.01) | 1.50 (0.79, 2.83) |
| p Value for linear trend | .47 | .63 | .27 |
| DQI-R | |||
| Q1 (21.9–50.7) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Q2 (50.8–59.7) | 1.01 (0.75, 1.36) | 0.84 (0.25, 2.87) | 0.74 (0.42, 1.31) |
| Q3 (59.8–66.9) | 0.83 (0.61, 1.11) | 1.04 (0.33, 3.32) | 0.70 (0.40, 1.23) |
| Q4 (67.0–74.5) | 0.66 (0.48, 0.89) | 0.37 (0.09, 1.46) | 0.67 (0.38, 1.18) |
| Q5 (74.6–90.7) | 0.82 (0.60, 1.11) | 0.18 (0.03, 0.97) | 0.67 (0.37, 1.22) |
| p Value for linear trend | .0196 | .0180 | .18 |
Notes: DQI-R = Diet Quality Index Revised. Second clinic visit analyses are based on 1,618 men classified as robust, 647 men classified as
intermediate, 25 men classified as frail, and 133 men who had died.
*Derived from multinomial logistic regression.
†Results adjusted for age, race, center, education, marital status, smoking, health status, medical conditions, body mass index, and energy intake.