Table 4.
Cardiac oxidative/nitrosative stress and inflammation according to iron diet, DOX treatment, and supplementation with FCM.
| Group | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | |
| Parameter | ||||||||
| MDA (nmol/mg protein) | 3.6 ± 0.2** | 3.5 ± 0.3** | 2.9 ± 0.1†† | 2.7 ± 0.2* | 4.3 ± 0.2‡‡ | 2.5 ± 0.2§§ | 1.8 ± 0.2|| | 5.7 ± 0.3 |
| Cu,Zn-SOD (U/mg protein) | 36.9 ± 3.2** | 34.9 ± 2.0** | 30.4 ± 2.1†† | 27.3 ± 3.0* | 42.3 ± 2.4‡‡ | 26.3 ± 2.1§§ | 16.0 ± 1.8|| | 49.2 ± 3.3 |
| GPx (U/mg protein) | 409 ± 24** | 399 ± 20‡‡ | 360 ± 20†† | 353 ± 23* | 459 ± 24‡‡ | 320 ± 24§§ | 256 ± 21|| | 507 ± 32 |
| GSH : GSSG ratio | 2.5 ± 0.2** | 2.6 ± 0.1** | 3.6 ± 0.2†† | 3.8 ± 0.2* | 2.4 ± 0.2‡‡ | 3.9 ± 0.1§§ | 4.8 ± 0.2|| | 2.0 ± 0.2 |
| Nitrotyrosine (%/area) | 18.0 ± 3.3 | 17.1 ± 2.6 | 16.9 ± 3.1 | 16.1 ± 2.2* | 29.1 ± 3.4‡ | 16.8 ± 3.8 | 11.6 ± 1.3† | 34.5 ± 4.5‡ |
| iNOS (%/area) | 6.9 ± 1.0 | 6.4 ± 1.1 | 6.7 ± 0.8 | 6.5 ± 0.9 | 21.4 ± 1.7‡ | 2.5 ± 0.4† | 2.3 ± 0.6† | 20.3 ± 2.0‡ |
| TNF-α (%/area) | 15.1 ± 1.4 | 14.4 ± 1.5 | 14.2 ± 1.2 | 14.1 ± 1.3 | 19.6 ± 1.4‡ | 15.0 ± 1.5 | 11.9 ± 1.1§ | 23.6 ± 2.0§ |
| IL-6 (%/area) | 15.7 ± 2.2 | 14.6 ± 1.7 | 15.2 ± 1.4 | 14.4 ± 1.6 | 28.4 ± 2.5‡ | 20.3 ± 1.6† | 3.6 ± 1.0§ | 34.9 ± 3.1§ |
| Collagen III (%/area) | 7.4 ± 1.0 | 7.5 ± 0.9 | 7.3 ± 1.1 | 6.6 ± 0.9 | 13.0 ± 1.5¶ | 7.0 ± 1.1 | 4.3 ± 0.7§ | 13.9 ± 1.9¶ |
Data presented as mean ± SD. A brief tabular overview of treatments in Groups 1–8 is included in Table 2. Further details are described in the Materials and Methods section. MDA: malondialdehyde; Cu,Zn-SOD: copper-zinc superoxide dismutase; GPx: glutathione peroxidase; GSH : GSSG: reduced glutathione : oxidised glutathione; iNOS: inducible nitric oxide synthase; TNF-α: tumour necrosis factor-alpha; IL-6: interleukin-6.
*P < 0.01 versus G5, G7, and G8; † P < 0.01 versus G1, G2, G3, and G4; ‡ P < 0.01 versus G1, G2, G3, G4, G6, and G7; § P < 0.01 versus all groups; || P < 0.01 versus G8; ¶ P < 0.01 versus G1, G2, G3, G4, and G6; **P < 0.01 versus G3 to G8; †† P < 0.01 versus G5 to G8; ‡‡ P < 0.01 versus G6 to G8; §§ P < 0.01 versus G7, G8.