Table 2.
Characteristics of interventional studies examining the impact of exercise on IBD.
| Reference | Sample | Disease type | Intervention | Duration of exercise program | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Robinson et al., 1998 [122] | 117 patients: 60 exercise 57 control |
CD | Home based low impact exercises program of increasing intensity focused on the hip and lumbar regions | Twice a week (at least 10 monthly), 12 months |
Bone mineral density increased in compliant patients in the lumbar spine and the hip |
|
| |||||
| D'Incà et al., 1999 [42] | 6 patients in remission 6 control |
CD | Acute exercise at 60% of VO2max (cycle ergometer) | One hour | Exercise did not elicit subjective symptoms or changes in intestinal permeability and lipid peroxidation |
|
| |||||
| Loudon et al., 1999 [38] | 12 patients with inactive or mildly active disease | CD | Low-intensity walking program subjects walked an average of 2.9 sessions/wk, at an average of 32.6 min/session, and for an average distance of 3.5 km/session | A thrice weekly, 12 wk walking program | Stress diminished, physical health, general well-being, and quality of life improved without disease exacerbation |
|
| |||||
| Elsenbruch et al., 2005 [139] | 30 patients with inactive disease 30 control |
UC | 60 h training program: stress management program, light exercise | 10 weeks; 6 h/week |
Improvement in quality of life in patients with UC in remission, while no effects of therapy on clinical or physiological parameters were found |
|
| |||||
| Ng et al., 2007 [39] | 16 patients with inactive disease 16 patients control |
CD | Low-intensity walking 30 min at 60% of maximum heart rate | 3 times per week during 3 months | Improvement in quality of life and reductions in CD symptoms |
|
| |||||
| Ploeger et al., 2012 [44] | 15 pediatric patients in remission 15 controls |
CD | Moderate intensity continuous exercise (MICE) High intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) |
30 min of cycling at 50% of peak mechanical power (PMP) 6 bouts of 4 × 15-s of cycling at 100% PMP | No significant exacerbation of the disease or inflammatory cytokine responses in both types of exercise |
|
| |||||
| Chan et al., 2014 [45] | 918 IBD patients (54% CD and 46% UC) | CD, UC | UK online survey regarding exercise habits | Regular exercise | 72% reported that exercise made them feel better, but 80% had to stop exercising temporarily or permanently at some point because of the severity of their symptoms |