Fig. 2.
Nitrosative stress is implicated in rat and human iPS neuron synucleinopathy models, and in the brain of a patient harboring the A53T αSyn mutation. (A) Primary rat cortical cultures were infected with AAV2 mKate2 or A53T αSyn-mKate2 (synapsin promoter). Cells were loaded with FL2 and live-imaged using a confocal microscope (neuronal soma: perforated circle). Perinuclear FL2 signal partially co-localized with ER tracker in rat neurons. (B–C) Increased NO (FL2) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) levels in human αSynA53T iPS neurons at 8 weeks. For the FL2 experiment (B), neural progenitors were transduced with lentivirus-RFP (synapsin promoter) to mark neurons. (D) Postmortem frontal cortex from a patient harboring A53T mutation exhibited increased 3-NT immunoreactivity. All data represented as mean ± SEM, *; p<0.05, ***; p<0.001, two tail t-test.