Table 5.
Sensitization (frequency and serum level) to food allergens of animal origin
| Food allergen | Total n = 211 | Mild/moderate AD n = 141 | Severe AD n = 70 | P-value n (%) 1 median 2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Cow’s milk |
|
n (%) |
51 (24.2) |
26 (18.4) |
25 (35.7) |
0.006* |
| |
nBos d 4 |
n (%) |
10 (4.7) |
8 (5.7) |
2 (2.9) |
n.r. |
|
(α-lactalbu.) |
Median (IQR) |
0.54 (0.32-2.63) |
0.54 (0.31-2.37) |
1.60 (0.40-x) |
0.60 |
|
| |
nBos d 5 |
n (%) |
10 (4.7) |
6 (4.3) |
4 (5.7) |
n.r. |
|
(β-lactoglob.) |
Median (IQR) |
1.44 (0.71-4.21) |
0.89 (0.47-3.04) |
2.59 (1.98-11.67) |
0.06 |
|
|
nBos d 6 |
n (%) |
11 (5.2) |
6 (4.3) |
5 (7.1) |
n.r. |
|
|
(serum albu.) |
Median (IQR) |
1.01 (0.53-4.04) |
0.81 (0.52-5.58) |
1.54 (0.59-5.89) |
0.72 |
|
|
nBos d 8 |
n (%) |
25 (11.8) |
14 (9.9) |
11 (15.7) |
0.22 |
|
|
(casein) |
Median (IQR) |
2.23 (1.11-5.89) |
1.73 (0.80-4.75) |
3.30 (1.27-8.69) |
0.30 |
|
|
nBos d lactoferrin |
n (%) |
34 (16.1) |
16 (11.3) |
18 (25.7) |
0.008* |
|
|
(transferrin) |
Median (IQR) |
1.42 (0.68-2.45) |
0.97 (0.50-2.05) |
1.95 (1.12-2.92) |
0.05 |
|
|
Hen’s egg |
|
n (%) |
28 (13.3) |
16 (11.3) |
12 (17.1) |
0.24 |
| |
nGal d 1 |
n (%) |
23 (10.9) |
12 (8.5) |
11 (15.7) |
0.11 |
|
(ovomucoid) |
Median (IQR) |
1.96 (0.63-5.19) |
2.84 (1.24-5.36) |
1.16 (0.46-5.19) |
0.24 |
|
| nGal d 2 |
n (%) |
10 (4.7) |
4 (2.8) |
6 (8.6) |
n.r. |
|
|
(ovalbumin) |
Median (IQR) |
1.64 (0.51-3.64) |
0.71 (0.42-4.69) |
2.21 (1.05-6.63) |
0.29 |
|
| nGal d 3 |
n (%) |
6 (2.8) |
3 (2.1) |
3 (4.3) |
n.r. |
|
|
(ovotransfer.) |
Median (IQR) |
1.08 (0.68-2.68) |
0.78 (0.69-x) |
2.04 (0.63-x) |
0.51 |
|
| nGal d 5 |
n (%) |
4 (1.9) |
0 (0) |
4 (5.7) |
n.r. |
|
|
(serum albu.) |
Median (IQR) |
0.43 (0.31-094) |
- |
0.43 (0.31-094) |
- |
|
|
Fish |
|
n (%) |
24 (11.4) |
12 (8.5) |
12 (17.1) |
0.06 |
| |
rCyp c 1 |
n (%) |
23 (10.9) |
12 (8.5) |
11 (15.7) |
0.11 |
|
(parvalb.) |
Median (IQR) |
2.43 (0.50-15.0) |
2.00 (0.45-8.80) |
2.43 (0.50-21.78) |
0.30 |
|
| rGad c 1 |
n (%) |
13 (6.2) |
5 (3.5) |
8 (11.4) |
n.r. |
|
|
(parvalb.) |
Median (IQR) |
4.96 (2.47-7.85) |
5.80 (4.65-7.85) |
3.71 (0.93-18.72) |
0.24 |
|
|
Shrimp |
|
n (%) |
15 (7.1) |
5 (3.5) |
10 (14.3) |
n.r. |
| |
rPen a 1 |
n (%) |
8 (3.8) |
2 (1.4) |
6 (8.6) |
n.r. |
|
(tropomyosin) |
Median (IQR) |
10.18 (1.24-33.22) |
28.44 (18.87-x) |
3.85 (0.54-37.20) |
0.18 |
|
| nPen i 1 |
n (%) |
11 (5.2) |
4 (2.8) |
7 (10.0) |
n.r. |
|
|
(tropomyosin) |
Median (IQR) |
5.33 (1.50-26.0) |
11.08 (0.91-40.31) |
5.33 (1.50-26.0) |
0.85 |
|
| nPen m 1 |
n(%) |
13 (6.2) |
4 (2.8) |
9 (12.9) |
n.r. |
|
|
(tropomyosin) |
Median (IQR) |
5.14 (0.48-30.46) |
11.24 (0.39-43.73) |
5.14 (0.70-23.89) |
> 0.99 |
|
| Total 3 | n (%) | 75 (35.5) | 39 (27.7) | 36 (51.4) | 0.001* |
1Chi-square; mild/moderate versus severe AD. *p < 0.01.; 2Mann–Whitney U-test; mild/moderate versus severe AD.
3Frequency of sensitization to any of the animal allergens. n.r, non-reliable, due to small number.