Figure 3.
Biodiesel production systems investigated in this study. Schemes of biodiesel production by (A) concurrent transesterification-esterification process and (B) stepwise hydrolysis-esterification process. (C) Biodiesel production by separated extracellular and intracellular lipase using different processes. Integrated biodiesel production via (D) concurrent esterification-transesterification and (E) stepwise hydrolysis-esterification.