Table 2.

Simulation comparison of the FAWE and MI estimators of the Cox model parameter β = (−ln(2), ln(2)), where Z^m∼ N(1/2, 1/12), Z^o ∼ Bernoulli(0.5) and Z^m and Z^o are independent; Weibull baseline hazard λ₀(t) = 0.8(0.6)^0.8t^−0.2, exponential censoring time, censoring rate 70%; and selection probability π(X, δ, Z^o) = (1 + exp(0.35 − 2δ − X − Z^o))⁻¹.

Approach	PB %		AL		95% CR
	βm	βo	βm	βo	βm	βo
Exponential censoring time with mean (0.25 + 0.5Zo)/2.2
Full cohort	0.89	0.00	1.58	1.07	0.95	0.95
Complete-case	-5.48	-50.66	1.66	1.16	0.95	0.73
FAWE	1.03	-1.43	1.78	1.08	0.95	0.94
MI norm	-0.96	-0.37	1.85	1.08	0.95	0.95
MI pmm	0.06	-0.43	1.72	1.08	0.93	0.95
Exponential censoring time with mean (0.5Zm + 0.5Zo)/2.1
Full cohort	2.67	-0.46	1.67	1.11	0.95	0.95
Complete-case	6.32	-49.95	1.75	1.22	0.94	0.75
FAWE	1.25	-1.71	1.87	1.13	0.93	0.95
MI norm	-14.76	4.24	1.91	1.12	0.95	0.95
MI pmm	-6.76	2.84	1.86	1.12	0.93	0.95

Notes: Cohort size is 250 and the expected number of complete observations is 163 with 91% cases and 54% controls selected.

The numbers in bold are those with |PB| > 5% or CR < 0.90.

For FAWE, both π and E were obtained based on (X, δ, Z^o) using the Nadaraya-Watson estimator with normal kernel and bandwidth $h=4{\sigma }_{\text{W}}{n}_{\text{W}}^{-1/3}$.

For MI, imputation models contained (X, δ, Z^o).