Table 3.
| a. Frequency of correct response, unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios, and 95% confidence intervals for each factor across the statements: “Too much sugar and other sweet foods cause diabetes,” “If I am diabetic, my children have a higher chance of being diabetic,” and “Diabetes can be cured.” | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Too much sugar & other sweet foods cause diabetes (Correct answer = No) |
If I am diabetic, my children have a higher chance of being diabetic (Correct Answer = Yes) |
Diabetes can be cured (Correct Answer = No) |
|||||||||||||
| Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | Correct | Unadjusted | Adjusted | |||||||||
| Correct | OR | (CI) | OR | (CI) | Correct | OR | (CI) | OR | (CI) | n (%) | OR | (CI) | OR | (CI) | |
| Gender | |||||||||||||||
| Men | 66 (14) | 0.74 | 0.54, 1.01 | 0.75 | 0.55, 1.04 | 369 (81) | 0.66** | 0.49, 0.89 | 0.67* | 0.49, 0.92 | 279 (61) | 0.76* | 0.60, 9.68 | 0.80 | 0.62, 1.01 |
| Women | 156 (19) | ref | ref | 725 (86) | ref | ref | 563 (67) | ref | ref | ||||||
| Education | |||||||||||||||
| ≤ 4th grade | 43 (15) | 0.76 | 0.49, 1.17 | 0.72 | 0.43, 1.21 | 232 (81) | 0.58* | 0.36, 0.92 | 0.52* | 0.29, 0.92 | 172 (60) | 0.63** | 0.45, 0.89 | 0.49** | 0.32, 0.75 |
| 5th–8th grade | 57 (15) | 0.74 | 0.49, 1.10 | 0.70 | 0.45, 1.10 | 328 (85) | 0.73 | 0.47, 1.15 | 0.61 | 0.37, 1.03 | 243 (63) | 0.70* | 0.51, 0.97 | 0.56** | 0.38, 0.81 |
| 9th–12th grade | 65 (20) | 1.07 | 0.72, 1.58 | 1.04 | 0.69, 1.57 | 268 (83) | 0.62* | 0.39, 0.98 | 0.54* | 0.33, 0.87 | 215 (66) | 0.81 | 0.58, 1.14 | 0.71 | 0.50, 1.02 |
| ≥ High School Diploma | 57 (19) | ref | ref | 265 (88) | ref | ref | 212 (71) | ref* | ref** | ||||||
| Age | |||||||||||||||
| 18–34 years | 53 (17) | ref | ref | 257 (83) | ref | ref | 179 (58) | ref* | ref** | ||||||
| 35–49 years | 125 (18) | 1.02 | 0.72, 1.45 | 1.09 | 0.75, 1.58 | 612 (86) | 1.18 | 0.82, 1.70 | 1.25 | 0.85, 1.85 | 486 (68) | 1.53** | 1.16, 2.02 | 1.73** | 1.29, 2.32 |
| 50–64 years | 39 (16) | 0.90 | 0.57, 1.41 | 1.06 | 0.64, 1.74 | 206 (83) | 0.97 | 0.62, 1.52 | 1.14 | 0.69, 1.88 | 163 (66) | 1.38 | 0.98, 1.95 | 1.77** | 1.20, 2.61 |
| 65+ years | 5 (19) | 1.15 | 0.41, 3.17 | 1.50 | 0.52, 5.33 | 18 (69) | 0.45 | 0.18, 1.08 | 0.67 | 0.26, 1.73 | 14 (54) | 0.84 | 0.38, 1.88 | 1.22 | 0.52, 2.84 |
| Birthplace | |||||||||||||||
| U.S. | 45 (18) | 0.93 | 0.65, 1.34 | 0.86 | 0.57, 1.31 | 207 (83) | 0.18 | 0.82, 1.70 | 0.57* | 0.36, 0.89 | 164 (65) | 0.98 | 0.73, 1.31 | 0.78 | 0.55, 1.11 |
| Mexico | 177 (17) | ref | ref | 886 (85) | ref | ref | 678 (65) | ref | ref | ||||||
| Diagnosed with Diabetes | |||||||||||||||
| No | 193 (17) | 0.79 | 0.51, 1.22 | 0.84 | 0.54, 1.31 | 969 (84) | 0.80 | 0.48, 1.33 | 0.94 | 0.56, 1.60 | 735 (64) | 0.59** | 0.40, 0.88 | 0.67 | 0.44, 1.00 |
| Yes | 29 (23) | ref | ref | 124 (87) | ref | ref | 107 (75) | ref | ref | ||||||
| Family History | |||||||||||||||
| No | 86 (16) | 0.84 | 0.62, 1.12 | 0.88 | 0.64, 1.19 | 438 (80) | 0.56** | 0.42, 0.76 | 0.54** | 0.40, 0.75 | 333 (61) | 0.72** | 0.58, 0.91 | 0.77* | 0.61, 0.98 |
| Yes | 136 (18) | ref | ref | 655 (88) | ref | ref | 509 (68) | ref | ref | ||||||
| b. Frequency of correct response, unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios, and 95% confidence intervals for each factor across the statements: “A fasting blood sugar level of 210 is too high,” “There are two main types of diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2. | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A fasting blood sugar level of 210 is too high (Correct Answer = Yes) |
There are two main types of diabetes: Type 1 and 2 (Correct Answer = Yes) |
|||||||||
| Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | |||||||
| Correct | OR | (CI) | OR | (CI) | Correct | OR | (CI) | OR | (CI) | |
| Gender | ||||||||||
| Men | 286 (62) | 0.56** | 0.44, 0.71 | 0.60** | 0.47, 0.77 | 313 (68) | 0.54** | 0.41, 0.70 | 0.55** | 0.42, 0.72 |
| Women | 628 (75) | ref | ref | 672 (80) | ref | ref | ||||
| Education | ||||||||||
| ≤ 4th grade | 202 (71) | 0.87 | 0.61, 1.25 | 0.91 | 0.58, 1.42 | 201 (71) | 0.49** | 0.33, 0.73 | 0.38** | 0.23, 0.62 |
| 5th–8th grade | 266 (69) | 0.79 | 0.56, 1.10 | 0.80 | 0.54, 1.17 | 278 (72) | 0.52** | 0.36, 0.76 | 0.42** | 0.27, 0.65 |
| 9th–12th grade | 225 (69) | 0.80 | 0.57, 1.14 | 0.82 | 0.56, 1.18 | 257 (79) | 0.77 | 0.52, 1.16 | 0.69 | 0.45, 1.06 |
| ≥ High School Diploma | 221 (74) | ref | ref | 249 (83) | ref** | ref** | ||||
| Age | ||||||||||
| 18–34 years | 201 (65) | ref | ref | 219 (71) | ref | ref** | ||||
| 35–49 years | 518 (72) | 1.40* | 1.05, 1.86 | 1.48* | 1.09, 2.02 | 560 (78) | 1.47* | 1.08, 1.99 | 1.87** | 1.35, 2.61 |
| 50–64 years | 179 (72) | 1.38 | 0.96, 1.99 | 1.35 | 0.90, 2.03 | 186 (75) | 1.22 | 0.84, 1.78 | 1.88** | 1.22, 2.91 |
| 65+ years | 16 (62) | 0.85 | 0.37, 1.94 | 0.82 | 0.34, 1.99 | 20 (77) | 1.36 | 0.53, 3.49 | 2.62 | 0.96, 7.14 |
| Birthplace | ||||||||||
| U.S. | 186 (74) | 0.80 | 0.59, 1.09 | 1.15 | 0.80, 1.67 | 199 (79) | 0.79 | 0.57, 1.11 | 0.79 | 0.53, 1.19 |
| Mexico | 728 (70) | ref | ref | 786 (75) | ref | ref | ||||
| Diagnosed with Diabetes | ||||||||||
| No | 786 (68) | 0.25** | 0.15, 0.43 | 0.29** | 0.17, 0.51 | 869 (75) | 0.71 | 0.46, 1.10 | 0.88 | 0.55, 1.39 |
| Yes | 128 (90) | ref | ref | 116 (81) | ref | ref | ||||
| Family History | ||||||||||
| No | 364 (66) | 0.71** | 0.56, 0.90 | 0.79 | 0.61, 1.01 | 393 (72) | 0.66** | 0.51, 0.86 | 0.72* | 0.55, 0.95 |
| Yes | 550 (74) | ref | ref | 592 (79) | ref | ref | ||||
Odds ratios are the probability of providing a correct response compared to the reference group. An asterisk next to the reference for factors with multiple levels indicates the overall variable is statistically significant.
Indicators of level of statistical significance:
*
P ≤ .05,
**
P < .01.