Table 3.
Individual-level, cross-sectional and lagged campaign effects
| Cross-sectional (n=2567) | Lagged (n=734) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Intentions (1–4-point scale) | b | 95% CI | b | 95% CI |
|
| ||||
| intend to use help | 0.01* | 0.00, 0.02 | 0.01 | −0.01, 0.03 |
| intend to seek advice from MDa | 0.01* | 0.00, 0.03 | 0.01 | −0.01, 0.03 |
| intend to seek advice from non-MDb | 0.02** | 0.01, 0.03 | 0.01 | −0.01, 0.03 |
| intend to call the quitline | 0.02** | 0.01, 0.03 | 0.01 | −0.01, 0.03 |
| intend to go to the website | 0.01 | 0.00, 0.02 | 0.00 | −0.02, 0.03 |
| intend to go to a quit program | 0.02** | 0.01, 0.03 | 0.00 | −0.02, 0.01 |
| intend to use medications | 0.01 | 0.00, 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.00, 0.04 |
| intend to use NRTsc | 0.01 | 0.00, 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.00, 0.04 |
| intend to use pills | 0.01 | 0.00, 0.02 | 0.01 | −0.01, 0.03 |
| intend to quit | 0.01 | 0.00, 0.02 | 0.01 | −0.01, 0.03 |
| intend to reduce cigarettes | 0.00 | −0.01, 0.01 | 0.01 | −0.01, 0.03 |
| Behaviors (0/1) | Cross-sectional (past 1 month) (n=2567) | Lagged (past 3 months) (n=808) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
|
| ||||
| used help | 1.03 | 0.99, 1.06 | 1.08** | 1.03, 1.13 |
| sought advice from MDa | 1.03 | 0.99, 1.06 | 1.08** | 1.02, 1.14 |
| sought advice from non-MDb | 1.10** | 1.04, 1.17 | 1.04 | 0.97, 1.12 |
| called the quitline | 1.09* | 1.00, 1.18 | 1.11 | 0.99, 1.24 |
| went to the website | 1.11 | 0.97, 1.28 | 1.08 | 0.96, 1.21 |
| went to a quit program | 1.14* | 1.02, 1.27 | 0.87 | 0.75, 1.01 |
| used medications | 0.99 | 0.94, 1.05 | 1.09* | 1.01, 1.18 |
| used NRTsc | 1.02 | 0.95, 1.08 | 1.08 | 0.98, 1.19 |
| used pills | 0.92 | 0.84, 1.01 | 1.06 | 0.97, 1.16 |
| quit attempt | 1.02 | 0.99, 1.05 | 1.06* | 1.00, 1.11 |
| reduced cigarettes | 1.03* | 1.00, 1.05 | 1.01 | 0.96, 1.06 |
Note: Boldface and shaded estimates indicate statistical significance (*p<0.05, **p<0.01).
All data are weighted and limited to the analysis sample, which does not include 30-day quitters at Time 1 or those missing on confounders.
Cross-sectional associations adjust for: gender, race (white/nonwhite), age, education (years), marital status, children in household, home ownership, religious attendance, Medicaid insurance, health status, health orientation, number of cigarettes smoked per day in the last week, percentage of other people in the household who smoke, time until first cigarette, first 2 months of NRT giveaways, and first month an ad airs.
Lagged analyses additionally adjust for first interview outcome levels.
MD refers to the participant’s doctor or another health care provider.
Non-MD refers to the quitline: 1-800-QUIT-NOW, the website: SmokeFreePhilly.org, or a quit smoking program.
NRTs such as the patch.
NRTs, nicotine replacement therapy