Table 1.

Governing equations applied within the model, as well as the scale at which each equation and its parameters are applied

Equation	Description	Scale	Parameters
${\sigma }_{ij,j}=\frac{1}{V}{\displaystyle {\oint }_{\partial V}({\sigma }_{\mathit{i}\mathit{j}}{}^L- {\sigma }_{\mathit{i}\mathit{j}})u_{k,i}{n}_{k}dS}$	Macroscale Volume-Averaged Stress Balance [16]	Tissue	σ: macroscale averaged Cauchy stress
			V: RVE volume
			σL: microscale stress
			u: RVE boundary displacement
n: normal vector to RVE boundary
${\sigma }_{\mathit{ij}}=\frac{1}{V}\int {\sigma }_{\mathit{ij}}^L\hspace{1em}\mathit{dV}=\frac{1}{V}\sum _{\mathit{bc}}{x}_i{f}_j$	Volume-Averaged Stress of RVE [16]	Network	bc: boundary for all RVE cross links
			x: boundary coordinate
f: force acting on boundary
$F_f=\frac{E_f{A}_f}{\mathrm{ß}}\left({\text{e}}^{\mathrm{ß}{\text{ε}}_{\text{G}}}-1\right)$	Fiber Constitutive Equation [15,17–19]	Fiber	Ff: fiber force
$\mathrm{and}\mathrm{\hspace{1em}}{E}_f\approx 0\mathrm{\hspace{1em}}\mathrm{when}\hspace{1em}{\lambda }_f>{\lambda }_{\mathrm{crit}}$			Ef: Young’s modulus of fiber at infinitesimal strain
			Af: fiber cross-sectional area
			εG: fiber Green strain
			ß: fitting parameter for fiber nonlinearity
			λf: fiber stretch
λ crit: fiber stretch at failure
${\sigma }_{\mathit{ij}}^m=\frac{G}{J}(B_{\mathit{ij}}-{\delta }_{\mathit{ij}})+\frac{2\mathit{Gv}}{J(1-2v)}{\delta }_{\mathit{ij}}\ln \left(J\right)$	Matrix Governing Equation [4]	Matrix	σM: matrix Cauchy stress
			G: shear modulus
			J: deformation tensor determinant
			B: left Cauchy–Green deformation tensor
$v$: Poisson’s ratio