TABLE 5.

Application of ECVs to MIC distributions of fluconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole versus Candida species strains tested for the presence of azole resistance mutations by broth microdilution methods^a

Species	Antifungal agent (no. of isolates tested)	ECV (μg/ml)	No. of isolates by ECV category (no. with acquired resistance mutation[s])
			≤ECV	>ECV
C. albicans	Fluconazole (65)	0.5	18	47 (47)
	Posaconazole (65)	0.06	18 (5)	42 (42)
	Voriconazole (65)	0.03	18 (3)	44 (44)
C. dubliniensis	Fluconazole (38)	0.5	12	26 (26)
	Posaconazole (4)	0.25	1 (2)	1 (1)
	Voriconazole (4)	0.03		4 (3)
C. glabrata	Fluconazole (89)	8	29	60 (57)
	Voriconazole (49)	0.25	12 (7)	30 (30)
C. parapsilosis	Fluconazole (4)	1	1	3 (3)
	Posaconazole (4)	0.25	1	3 (3)
	Voriconazole (4)	0.03	1	3 (3)
C. tropicalis	Fluconazole (4)	1	1	3 (3)
	Voriconazole (4)	0.06	1	3 (3)

^aData were compiled from references 6–8, 10, and 18–26. Azole resistance mechanisms included mutations in and overexpression of ERG11 and/or overexpression of MDR or CDR efflux pumps.