Fig. 4.

Averaged load-displacement curves. The averaged sample responses (filled circles) are depicted prior to the point of failure of the first sample in the group. The corresponding standard deviation is indicated by the shaded region. The addition of fibroblasts (DSS) and coculture of fibroblasts and keratinocytes (ESS) increased the stiffness and UTL of the construct before failure occurred. Substantial improvements in mechanical properties developed in six-week grafted ESS. The grafted ESS and autograft were both stiffer and less compliant than the native mouse skin.