Fig. 4.
Measured (Eq. (6)) versus predicted (Eq. (4)) angular stiffness. The best fit line (solid) between the predicted and measured values has R2 = 0.95. The dashed line represents the identity, to visualize prediction errors. Measured values exceeded predicted values by an average of 3.8 ± 1.6 N-m/deg, with RMSE (from predicted) of 4.1 N-m/deg.