Table 4. Overall analysis of pathologic and oncological outcomes comparing LRC and ORC.

Outcome of interest	No. of studies	No. of patients, LRC/ORC	OR/WMD (95% CI)	p-value	Study heterogeneity				Egger’s test (p value)
					Chi2	df	I2	p-value
Pathologic stage
pT0,Ta,Tis,T1	12	413/384	1.27 [0.89, 1.82]	0.19	3.22	11	0%	0.99	0.93
pT2	14	478/467	1.13 [0.86, 1.49]	0.46	8.33	13	0%	0.81	0.0008
pT3	13	463/452	0.84 [0.63, 1.14]	0.27	16.52	12	27%	0.17	0.05
pT4	8	340/300	0.59 [0.34, 1.03]	0.06	10.89	7	36%	0.14	0.31
Organ confined ≤pT2	14	513/502	1.33 [1.01, 1.73]	0.04	12.37	13	0%	0.50	0.02
Non-organ confined pT3–T4	14	513/502	0.80 [0.61, 1.06]	0.12	14.92	13	13%	0.31	0.01
Pathologic grade
Grade 1	5	221/193	0.92 [0.48, 1.75]	0.79	1.29	4	0%	0.86	0.37
Grade 2	7	266/243	1.34 [0.92, 1.94]	0.13	8.35	6	28%	0.21	0.05
Grade 3	7	266/243	0.78 [0.53, 1.15]	0.21	9.39	6	36%	0.15	0.19
Positive surgical margins	7	334/281	0.35 [0.16, 0.73]	0.006	3.31	6	0%	0.77	0.30
Mean lymph node yield, n	8	355/301	0.53 [−1.42, 2.48]†	0.59	83.18	7	92%	<0.001	0.95
Positive lymph node	11	436/394	0.66 [0.44, 1.00]	0.05	7.90	10	0%	0.64	0.24
Local recurrence	4	207/180	1.21 [0.37, 3.95]	0.75	2.71	3	0%	0.44	0.78
Distant metastasis	6	254/230	0.56 [0.31, 1.01]	0.05	3.67	5	0%	0.60	0.85
Cancer-free survival	4	189/147	1.11 [0.66, 1.86]	0.69	1.36	3	0%	0.71	0.81
Death	6	238/218	0.42 [0.23, 0.76]	0.004	3.78	5	0%	0.58	0.90

CI, Confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; WMD, weighted mean difference; LRC =  laparoscopic radical cystectomy; ORC =  open radical cystectomy.

^†Values of WMD;

*Statistically significant results are shown in bold.