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. 2014 May 16;9(5):e97824. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097824

Figure 2. APN Inhibits Bone Resorption and Inflammation in DIO Mice Induced With Experimental Periodontitis.

Figure 2

(A) Alveolar bone loss was determined in palatal bone samples stained with 1% methylene blue and photographed at 30× magnification using a dissecting microscope with the occlusal face of the molars perpendicular to the base. The distance between the cementoenamel junction and the alveolar crest was measured at 6 sites in DIO+PD and DIO+PD+APN mice (magnification, ×30). (B) TRAP staining determined the number of osteoclasts (magnification, ×200; scale bars, 500 µm). (C) H&E staining determined the number of inflammatory cells of palatal bone samples in DIO+PD and DIO+PD+APN mice (magnification ×400; scale bars, 20 µm; black arrows = inflammatory cells). (D) qRT-PCR of TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 mRNA levels in WAT from DIO+PD and DIO+PD+APN mice, normalized to GAPDH. Data are shown as mean ± SD (n = 5). *P<0.05.