Table 1.
Sample characteristics
| Variable | % or mean (SD) | Minimum-maximum |
|---|---|---|
| Individual level (N = 1190) | ||
| Gender (%) | ||
| Male | 49.7 | |
| Female | 50.3 | |
| Age | 15.6 (1.07) | 13–18 |
| Race/ethnicity (%) | ||
| White | 68.1 | |
| Hispanic/Latino | 22.1 | |
| Cigarette smoking behavior | ||
| Any past 12-month cigarette smoking (%) | 7.9 | |
| Frequency of cigarette smoking, past 12 months | 1.16 (.67) | 1–7 |
| Perceived friends’ smoking approval and behavior | ||
| Perceived friends’ approval of smoking | 1.34 (.53) | 1–4 |
| Perceived friends’ smoking behavior | 1.30 (.70) | 1–5.5 |
| City level (N = 50) | ||
| Population density | 4870.05 (3347.54) | 1337.24–22330.14 |
| Percentage population below 18 years old | 23.7 | 17.0–30.0 |
| Median household income | 51027.22 (15093.11) | 28628–83565 |
| Percentage college graduates | 12.8 | 2.7–35.2 |
| Percentage unemployed | 10.7 | 2.9–23.5 |
| Percentage White | 79.2 | 33.5–98.0 |
| Percentage Hispanic | 34.2 | 8.2–97.4 |
| Percentage adult daily smokers | 6.3 | 2.3–17.1 |
Note: SD, standard deviation