Table 1.

Summary of positive clinical trials that lead to practice changes in metastatic PDA

Intervention	Study description	No. of patients	Comparison	Median OS	Median DFS or TTP	ORR	1-year survival	References
Gemcitabine
Phase 3	Randomized, multicenter international	160	Gemcitabine vs. 5-Flourouracil	5.65 vs. 4.41 months	9 vs. 4 weeks	5.4 % vs. 0 %	18 % vs. 2 %	Burris H, et al. [1]
FOLFIRINOX
Phase 2	Single arm; multicenter	47	None	10.2 (8.1–14.4 months)	8.2 (5.3–11.6 months)	26 % (13–39 %)	43 %	Conroy et al. [5]
Phase 3	Phases 2–3, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter, international.	342	FOLFIRINOX vs. Gemcitabine	11.1 vs. 6.8 months	6.4 vs. 3.3 months	31.6 % vs. 9.4 %	48 % vs. 20 %	Conroy et al. [3]
Nab-Paclitaxel
Phase 2	Single arm, open-label, multicenter, phase I/II	67	None	12.2 (8.9–18 months)	7.9 (5.8–11 months)	46 % (N/A)	48 %	Von Hoff et al. [21]
Phase 3	Randomized phase III, multicenter	861	Gemcitabine ± Nab-Paclitaxel or Placebo	8.5 vs. 6.7 months	5.5 vs. 3.7 months	23 % vs. 7 %	35 % vs. 22 %	Von Hoff et al. [22]
Erlotinib
Phase 3	Randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, international	569	Gemcitabine ± erlotinib or Placebo	6.24 vs. 5.91 months	3.75 vs. 3.55 months	8.6 % vs. 8.0 %	23 % vs. 17 %	Moore M, et al. [25]