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. 2014 Apr 17;4(1):86–94. doi: 10.1159/000360695

Table 3.

Accuracy of responses per item in our study and 10 published studies on the BNT performed in healthy adult populations

Chinese-speaking
 English-speaking
 Other non-English-speaking
TW HK USA CA NZ AU QF BE SW SP GR
Number 264 77 60 219 58 136 45 200 111 200 100
Male:female ratio 1.44:1 0.87:1 N/A 0.85:1 0.75:1 0.35:1 0.60:1 0.72:1 0.81:1 N/A 1:1
Age range, years 60–92 23–79 40–78 25–88 17.5–25 57–92 50–79 55–91 21–80 30–82 20–71+
Education, years 12.5 9.7 13.9 12.9 N/A N/A 8.6 10.6 12.8 N/A N/A
BNT score 27.6 26.6 54.5 56 52.5 52.0 38.5 51.9 53.0 51.7 42.8
Item, % correct
 Abacus 99.6 98.7 55b 57.5b 65.5b 60.3b 58b 97.5 68.5b 88.5 38b
 Camel 99.2 98.7 98 99.1 98.3 99.3 80 96 91 99.4 93
 Hanger 99.2 100 100 100 100 100 100 99.5 80.2 N/A 100
 Broom 98.1 94.8 100 100 100 98.5 91 99 55.9b 100 96
 Racquet 98.1 97.4 100 100 100 99.3 93 99 49.5b 99.4 85
 Saw 98.1 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 82.9 N/A 100
 Mushroom 97.7 67.5b 93 99.5 98.3 99.3 98 100 96.4 N/A 91
 Escalator 97.3 97.4 100 99.1 96.6 94.1 78 99.5 100 99.4 69b
 Tongs 96.6 81.8 82 84.5 89.7 64.7b 71a 94 27.9b 94.8 60b
 Wheelchair 96.2 92.2 100 100 100 100 89 95.5 99.1 N/A 16b
 Snail 96.2 90.9 100 95.4 98.3 96.3 60b 96 100 98.8 97
 Rhinoceros 93.6 81.8 83 90.4 94.8 88.2 75 96 99.1 89.6 79
 Funnel 92 98.7 95 96.3 75.9 76 85 99 99.1 97.1 94
 Compass 92 90.9 47 69 60.3b 58.8b 69a 92.5 77.5 96 74
 Stethoscope 87.9 83.1 97 95 94.8 92.6 34b 63a 91 78 N/A
 Cactus 86.4 77.9 92 81.7 93.1 89 100 99.5 98.2 98.8 87
 Accordion 84.8 41.6b 88 77.2 87.9 84.5 29b 78 80.2 N/A 26b
 Trellis 84.5 85.7 100 100 93.1 94.1 67 91.5 96.4 95.4 74
 Harmonica 84.5 83.1 87 96.8 98.3 98.5 94 93 100 75.7 73
 Seahorse 82.6 63.6 82 89.5 55.2a 57.4a 62a 89 61.3a 86.7 56a
 Tripod 80.3 90.9 92 84.9 84.5 81.6 47b 84 83.8 N/A 54a
 Pyramid 79.5 83.1 95 96.8 94.8 92.6 76 78 97.3 99.4 80
 Dart 73.9 83.1 98a 98.6a 96.6a 93.4 64 93.5 74.8 81 62
 Harp 68.9 54.5 100b 97.3a 98.3a 97.8a 76 91a 88.3 98.2a 62
 Igloo 60.6 20.8b 98b 99.1b 91.4b 84.6 71 83.5a 95.5b 89.6a 39a
 Protractor 44.7 33.8 35 39.7 27.6 27.9 18a 47 71.2a 74a 58

Values for education and BNT are means. N/A = Not available.

a

>20% difference as compared with our data.

b

>30% difference as compared with our data.