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. 2014 May 7;9(Suppl 1):107–116. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S50742

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© 2014 La et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License

The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.

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Bone regeneration of Ti ring implants with or without GO coating and BMP-2/SP loading in mouse calvarial defect model.

Notes: Histological analysis with Goldner’s trichrome staining of mouse calvarial defects with implants 8 weeks after treatment. (A) Lower magnification (×12.5) images of the implants. The black arrowheads and red arrows indicate the implant and newly formed bone, respectively. Scale bars =1 mm. (B) Higher magnification (×100) images of the implants. Scale bars =100 μm. (C) The area of new bone formation was determined using histomorphometric analysis (n=5). *P<05 between designated two groups.

Abbreviations: Ti, titanium; GO, graphene oxide; BMP-2, bone morphogenetic protein-2; SP, substance P.