Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population
| Parameters | Group 1 (n=234) | Group 2 (n=18) | P. value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gestational age, weeks* | 28.3 (1.8) | 28 (1.5) | 0.5 | |
| Birth weight, g* | 1195 (339) | 1097 (308) | 0.2 | |
| Male gender ‡ | 131 (56) | 11 (61.1) | 0.7 | |
| Mode of delivery (Caesarean) ‡ | 206 (88) | 15 (83.3) | 0.5 | |
| Respiratory distress syndrome ‡ | 177 (75.6) | 13 (72.2) | 0.7 | |
| Patent Ductus Arteriosus ‡ | 95 (40.6) | 9 (50) | 0.4 | |
| Intracranial hemorrhage (Grade III-IV) ‡ | 10 (4.3) | 1 (5.6) | 0.8 | |
| Necrotizing Enterocolitis ‡ | 3 (1.3) | 1 (5.6) | 0.2 | |
| Retinopathy of Prematurity ‡ | 45 (19.2) | 5 (27.8) | 0.4 | |
| Moderate-severe BPD ‡ | 38 (16.2) | 7 (38.9) | 0.02 | |
| Indication for palivizumab prophylaxis ‡ | <28 weeks | 90 (38.6) | 9 (50) | 0.007 |
| 29–32 weeks | 106 (45.3) | 2 (11.1) | ||
| BPD | 38 (16.2) | 7 (38.9) | ||
| Number of palivizumab doses | Planned † | 5 (2–5) | 5 (4–5) | 0.7 |
| Administered † | 5 (2–5) | 5 (1–5) | 0.9 | |
| Socioeconomic status ‡ | Low | 17 (7.3) | 4 (22.2) | 0.09 |
| Middle | 179 (76.5) | 12 (66.7) | ||
| High | 31 (13.2) | 2 (11.1) | ||
| Very high | 7 (3) | 0 (0) | ||
| Type of community inhabited ‡ | Rural | 16 (6.8) | 2 (11.1) | 0.3 |
| Suburban | 49 (20.9) | 5 (27.8) | ||
| Urban | 169 (72.2) | 11 (61.1) | ||
| Type of heating ‡ | Stove | 86 (36.8) | 7 (38.9) | 0.7 |
| Radiator | 143 (61.1) | 11 (61.1) | ||
| Other | 5 (2.1) | 0 (0) | ||
| Exposure to smoke ‡ | 148 (63.2) | 13 (72.2) | 0.4 | |
| Home characteristics | Number of rooms † | 3 (1–5) | 3 (2–4) | 0.8 |
| Number of inhabitants † | 4 (3–9) | 4 (3–7) | 0.1 | |
| Number of older siblings† | 1 (0–5) | 1 (0–3) | 0.3 | |
*
Values provided as mean ± standard deviation
‡
Values provided as number and percentage of patients
†
Values provided as median (min-max); BPD: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia