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. 2014 Apr 23;16(1):26. doi: 10.1186/1532-429X-16-26

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Copyright © 2014 Maceira et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Per-patient analysis of LV and RV parameters in cocaine abusers (black dots) compared to reference values (mean: black line, red: upper limit of normal, blue: lower limit of normal) showing that a substantial number of asymptomatic cocaine abusers show mild biventricular dilatation and systolic dysfunction, as well as LV hypertrophy. LV left ventricle; RV right ventricle; EDVi end-diastolic volume index; ESVi, end-diastolic volume index; EF ventricular ejection fraction; LVMi, left ventricular mass index.