Fig. 7.

Comparison over the cardiac cycle: (a) Display of the pressure–volume loops of the weakly penalized solution of the cardiac cycle on the first three meshes. These pressure–volume loops are converging to the pressure–volume loop of the LM solution on mesh₄. (b) The $L^2$ norm (top) and ${\mathit{H}}^1$ semi-norm (bottom) comparison of the displacement error between the penalty and weakly penalized formulations ($k={10}^7$) in different phases of the cardiac cycle on mesh₂. Letters A, B, C, D map the time in cycle (b) to cardiac phase on the pressure–volume loop (a).