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. 2014 May 12;5:168. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00168

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Copyright © 2014 Kothari, Wohlgemuth, Hulgard, Surlykke and Moss.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Sonar sound groups. (A) A sonar call sound stream from a bat tracking a tethered meal worm following the Simple Motion (SM) trajectory. (B) Doublets and Triplet sound groups. (C) A doublet is identified by the PI of the calls at either end of the doublet being at least 1.2 times larger than the PI of the doublet (Island Criterion). (D) Higher order sonar sound groups are identified by a stable PI within the call group (Stability Criterion). The stable PI is indicated here as the mean (μ) and the PI is considered stable if all the PIs within the group are within a tolerance of ±5% (T) of the mean PI. Also, the PI of the calls at either end should be at least 1.2 times the mean PI of the calls in the sound group (Island Criterion). Here the example given is of a triplet sound group.