Genome structure of PV, the functional domains of 2CATPase and location of mutants in the cysteine-rich site (CRS). (a) The PV RNA contains a long 5′ NTR, a single ORF, a short 3′ NTR and a poly(A) tail. The polyprotein is processed into one structural (P1) and two non-structural domains (P2 and P3). Protein 2CATPase is located in the P2 domain. (b) Functional domains of PV 2CATPase and locations of known mutations involved in encapsidation (N252S, K279A/R280A) or uncoating (M293V, K295R) are shown. The locations of the new mutants are also illustrated. The primary GnHCl-resistant (N179G) and -dependent (M187L) mutations are also shown. (c) Conservation of cysteine/histidine residues in the CRSs (aa 269–286) of enterovirus 2CATPase polypeptides.