Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
The monophthongal vowel space is shown for IE (top) and L1 (bottom) as a function of speaker's language background. Vowel measures were taken at the F1 and F2 midpoint and normalized using the Lobanov method (note: i = /i/ or /i:/, I = /ɪ/ or /i/, e=/e/ or /e:/, E = /ε/ or /e/, A = /æ/, a= /ɑ/ or /ɑ:/, 3 = /ә/, 3r = /ɚ/, o = /o/ or /o:/, O = /ɔ/ or /o/, u=/ʊ/ or /u/, u = /u/ or /u:/).
