Table 2.

Analyses of Diagnostic Group and Psychosis Conversion Effects on Mismatch Negativity.

	Group Effects (HC, CHR, ESZ)^a				Conversion Group Effects (Converter, Non-converter)^b

Effect	df	F	p-value	Follow-Up Tests^c	df	F	p-value	Follow-Up Tests^c
Group	2, 98	8.63	<.001	CHR>HC^, ESZ>HC^**, CHR=ESZ	1,29	4.07	0.053	Converter>Non-converter^*
Deviant Type (DUR, FREQ, DBL)	2,196	0.37	0.639		2, 58	0.74	0.441
Fronto-Central Lead (Frontal, Central)	1,98	0.02	0.889		1,29	1.66	0.208
Lateral Lead (Left, Midline, Right)	2,196	1.61	0.205		2,58	6.45	0.009	Left>Midline^, Midline>Right^
Group x Deviant Type	4,196	0.67	0.579		2, 58	0.57	0.512
Group x Fronto-Central Lead	2,98	2.38	0.098		1,29	0.10	0.756
Group x Lateral Lead	4,196	2.52	0.053		2, 58	1.26	0.284
Lateral Lead effect in HC	2, 86	0.00	1.000
Lateral Lead effect in CHR	2,74	7.73	0.004	Left>Midline^, Midline>Right^
Lateral Lead effect in ESZ	2,36	0.21	0.747
Group effect at Left (F3, C3) leads	2,98	10.23	<.001	CHR>HC^*, ESZ>HC^*, CHR=ESZ
Group effect at Midline (Fz, Cz) leads	2, 98	8.25	<.001	CHR>HC^, ESZ>HC^**, CHR=ESZ
Group effect at Right (F4, C4) leads	2, 98	6.62	0.002	CHR=HC, ESZ>HC^**, CHR=ESZ
Group x Lateral Lead x Deviant Type	8,392	1.15	0.330		4,116	0.52	0.681
Group x Fronto-Central Lead x Deviant Type	4,196	2.50	0.054		2,58	1.54	0.226
Group x Fronto-Central Lead for DUR	1,98	1.27	0.285
Group x Fronto-Central Lead for DBL	1,98	1.75	0.180
Group x Fronto-Central Lead for FREQ	1,98	4.39	0.015
Fronto-Central Lead effect in HC	1,43	0.00	0.999
Fronto-Central Lead effect in ESZ	1,18	0.24	0.627
Fronto-Central Lead effect in CHR	1,37	9.67	0.004	Frontal>Central^**
Group effect at Frontal Leads	2,98	5.59	0.005	CHR>HC^, ESZ>HC^, CHR=ESZ
Group effect at Central Leads	2,98	3.64	0.030	CHR=HC, ESZ>HC^*, CHR=ESZ
Fronto-Central Lead x Deviant Type in HC	2,86	0.00	1.000
Fronto-Central Lead x Deviant Type in ESZ	2,36	1.67	0.204
Fronto-Central Lead x Deviant Type in CHR	2,74	7.31	0.003
Deviant Type effect at Frontal Leads	2,74	2.51	0.108
Deviant Type effect at Central Leads	2,74	0.78	0.461
Fronto-Central Lead effect for DUR	1,37	0.34	0.566
Fronto-Central Lead effect for FREQ	1,37	9.67	0.004	Frontal>Central^**
Fronto-Central Lead effect for DBL	1,37	2.63	0.113
Group x Deviant Type at Frontal Leads	2,196	0.99	0.401
Group x Deviant Type at Central Leads	2,196	0.61	0.621
Group x Fronto-Central Lead x Lateral Lead	4,196	1.75	0.148		2, 58	3.87	0.035
Group x Fronto-Central Lead effect on Left					1,29	0.24	0.629
Group x Fronto-Central Lead effect on Midline					1,29	1.31	0.262
Group x Fronto-Central Lead effect on Right					1,29	0.40	0.535
Group x Lateral Lead effect at Frontal leads					1,29	0.19	0.764
Group x Lateral Lead effect at Central leads					1,29	2.37	0.122
Fronto-Central Lead x Lateral Lead in Nonconverters					1,15	2.25	0.132
Fronto-Central Lead x Lateral Lead in Converters					1,14	5.55	0.016
Lateral Lead effect at Frontal leads					2,28	3.59	0.051	Left=Midline, Midline>Right^*
Lateral Lead effect at Central leads					2,28	3.58	0.049	Left>Midline^*, Midline=Right
Fronto-central Lead effect on Left					1,14	0.44	0.518
Fronto-central Lead effect on Midline					1,14	4.95	0.043	Frontal>Central^*
Fronto-central Lead effect on Right					1,14	0.19	0.670
Group x Deviant Type x Fronto-Central x Lateral Lead	8,392	0.94	0.476		4,116	0.73	0.537

Repeated measures ANOVA comparing Healthy Control (HC), Clinical High Risk (CHR), and Early Illness Schizophrenia (ESZ) groups across the three deviant types (DUR, FREQ, DBL) using age-corrected mismatch negativity (MMN) z-scores. DUR=Duration deviant type; FREQ=Frequency deviant type; DBL=Double-deviant type.

Repeated measures ANOVA comparing converters and non-converters to psychosis across DUR, FREQ, and DBL deviant types using age-corrected MMN z-scores. More positive MMN z-scores indicate greater MMN deficits relative to HC.

Between group comparisons are based on post-hoc Tukey tests. Between lead comparisons are based on Helmert contrasts.

p ≤ 0.05,

^**

p ≤ 0.01,

^***

p ≤ 0.001