Table 1. Characteristics of the included study – Calves.
| Author & Year | Experimental Animal | Infection Dose | IgY Treatment | Outcome Assessment (Type of Efficacy) |
| Animal Class: Calves | ||||
| Bacterial Pathogen | ||||
| Ozpinar et al., 1996 | New born Calves of Holstein Frisian breed and brown cattel | Field Trail: Routine diagnosis in the farm on day 7-In the diarrheic calves 78.2% for rotavirus, 34.5% for Cryptosporidia, 18% for E. coli and 42% for polyinfection | Field Trial: 2 g, 4 g, or 8 g egg powder with specific antibodies to rotavirus types 1 and 2 [Neutralization titer512] and E.coli K99 pilus antigen [ELISA titer 330] each, in a drink – two meal/day for the first 14 days | Examined the incidence of diarrhea, duration of diarrhea, weight gain and mortality (P) |
| Cook et al., 2005 | Canadian Arcott rams [Sheep] [38.8 kg] | 1010 CFU of three strain mixture of E.coli O157:H7/sheep on day 0 using 60-mL syringe connected to a polypropylene orogastric tube | 100 g of Spray dried egg yolk powder suspended in a final volume of 300 mL PBS–on day 2, 3 and 4 by syringe and orogastric tube. Treatments: 1) 100 g non-immunized egg powder [EG]; 2) 100 g - immunized egg powder [High]; 3) 100 g [50 g EG+50 g immunized egg] [Medium]; 4) 100 g [75 g EG+25 g immunized egg [Low]; 5) variable doses consisting of High on day 2, Medium on day 3 and Low on day 4 | Fecal shedding of E.coli O157:H7 in five consecutive weekly samples (T) |
| Germine et al ., 2011 | New born Calves of non-vaccinated dams and deprived from colostral antibodies- below 30 days old | Field trail – against E. coli K99 | 20 mL yolk/calf – mixed with 1.5–2.0 kg of milk 2 times/day for 21days – then calves fed only milk only according to their weight | Examined the E. coli K99 in the faecal samples (P) |
| Viral Pathogen | ||||
| Kuroki et al., 1994 | Neonatal Holstein Calves | Shimane BRV - 1×1010 TCID50/Calf (Gp1-3) KK-3 BRV −5×109 TCID50/Calf (Gp1-6) The challenge time was 2 hours after first dose of IgY on 2 day after birth | Gp1 and Gp4 control IgY Gp 2 and Gp 3 received anti-Shimane IgY [3200 and 6400 titer] Gp 5 and Gp 6 received anti-KK-3 IgY [6400 and 12800 titer] – delivering the solution via syringe before giving milk formula ration | Fecal score, viral excretion in feces and body weight gain observed (C) |
| Ikemori et al., 1997 | Colostrum deprived, newborn Holstein Calves | 1×109.0 TCID50 of the Kakegawa strain of BCV (at 24 to 36 h from birth) | Egg powder groups: 0.25 g [1∶1280titer] and 0.5 g [1∶2560] in 1.5 and 2 Liters of milk – 2times/day for 7 days after challenge (6 h after challenge) | Evaluated fecal consistency score, weight gain, and mortality (T) |
| Kuroki et al., 1997 | Japanese black Neonatal Calves | Three field trails – against BRV | 2 g of combined anti-Shimane and KK-3 IgY [each with homotypic titer of 12800] 3times/day for 2 weeks after birth in 50 mL distilled water – oral delivery by50 mL syringe | Fecal score and body weight gain were examined (P) |
| Vega et al., 2011 | New born Holstein male Calves removed prior to suckling within the first 4 h of life | 105.85 FFU of virulent INDIANA BRV between 3rd & 4th feeding [36 h after colostrums intake; 0 post inoculation day] | GP1: Control Colostrum (CC) + milk with BRV-specific egg yolk with a final titer of 4096; Gp2: CC+ milk with normal egg yolk Gp3: only one dose of CC Gp4: Colostrum deprived (Gp1 and 2 – received 2 L of Antibody supplemented milk 2 times/day for 14days) | Examined for diarrhea and virus shedding with advanced immunological assays (P) |
Legend: CFU colony forming unit, TCID Tissue culture infective dose, FFU Focus forming unit, BRV Bovine Rotavirus, BCV Bovine Coronavirus, Type of Efficacy: P-Prophylactic Effect; T-Therapeutic Effect; F-Field Trial.