Figure 8.

Model for regulation of Set-β and its effects on axon growth and regeneration. Set-β's subcellular localization and function are regulated by a NLS and by phosphorylation (P), which delays nuclear import and prevents Set-β's inhibition of axon growth. In the nucleus, Set-β regulates transcription and suppresses axon growth; Set-β lacking the NLS does not meaningfully affect neurite growth; but Set-β recruited to cellular membranes promotes neurite growth and axon regeneration, possibly through local inhibition of axon growth-suppressing PP2A-A (?). The specific mechanism of endogenous Set-β recruitment to cellular membrane and its physiological function(s) there remain to be identified (?).