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. 2014 Jan 1;49(6):889–901. doi: 10.1007/s00127-013-0813-9

Table 2.

Associations between individual factors and perceived neighbourhood disorder (three-level logistic regression)

Odds ratio for high perceived neighbourhood disorder (95 % CI)
Unadjusted OR Model 1a Model 2b
Sex
 Male 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Female 1.26 (0.95–1.68) 1.20 (0.90–1.61) 1.49 (1.08–2.05)*
Age
 16–24 1.00 1.00 1.00
 25–34 0.62 (0.39–0.98)* 0.74 (0.44–1.24) 0.75 (0.44–1.28)
 35–44 0.63 (0.39–1.02) 0.79 (0.47–1.34) 0.81 (0.46–1.40)
 45–54 0.76 (0.43–1.32) 0.76 (0.42–1.37) 0.78 (0.42–1.43)
 55–64 0.47 (0.26–0.85)* 0.46 (0.24–0.88)* 0.47 (0.24–0.92)*
 65+ 0.57 (0.32–1.01) 0.42 (0.19–0.91)* 0.51 (0.23–1.13)
Ethnicity
 White 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Black Caribbean 0.89 (0.50–1.61) 0.65 (0.36–1.20) 0.65 (0.35–1.21)
 Black African 0.66 (0.39–1.11) 0.55 (0.32–0.93)* 0.57 (0.33–0.99)*
 Asian 0.63 (0.29–1.41) 0.58 (0.27–1.24) 0.68 (0.30–1.53)
 Other 0.64 (0.38–1.07) 0.52 (0.30–0.88)* 0.52 (0.30–0.91)*
Occupation
 Non-manual 1.00 1.00 1.00
 Manual 0.95 (0.58–1.54) 0.80 (0.48–1.34) 0.79 (0.47–1.32)
 Student 1.66 (1.05–2.63)* 1.10 (0.64–1.88) 1.07 (0.61–1.87)
 Unemployed 1.71 (1.01–2.89)* 1.24 (0.69–2.24) 1.18 (0.64–2.17)
 Ec Inactive 1.23 (0.82–1.85) 1.09 (0.63–1.91) 1.04 (0.58–1.84)
Household income
 <5 k 1.00 1.00 1.00
 £5–12 k 1.34 (0.69–2.62) 1.49 (0.76–2.91) 1.74 (0.87–3.48)
 £12–20 k 1.11 (0.56–2.19) 1.27 (0.64–2.55) 1.46 (0.71–3.00)
 £20–31 k 0.91 (0.47–1.75) 1.10 (0.56–2.19) 1.18 (0.57–2.42)
 >£31 k 0.73 (0.42–1.25) 0.88 (0.47–1.68) 0.97 (0.50–1.87)
 Don’t know 0.98 (0.52–1.85) 0.97 (0.51–1.87) 1.12 (0.58–2.19)
Education
 None 1.00 1.00 1.00
 GCSE 1.10 (0.64–1.91) 1.02 (0.57–1.86) 1.04 (0.56–1.94)
 A-Level 1.02 (0.61–1.70) 0.92 (0.51–1.66) 0.91 (0.50–1.65)
 Degree or above 0.62 (0.37–1.02) 0.60 (0.32–1.12) 0.61 (0.32–1.14)
Ever victimised
 No 1.00 1.00
 Yes 1.80 (1.31–2.49)*** 1.49 (1.05–2.10)*
Ever witnessed violence
 No 1.00 1.00
 Yes 2.12 (1.54–2.92)*** 2.02 (1.43–2.87)***

p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001

aModel controlled for sex, age, ethnicity, household income, education and occupation

bControlled for sex, age, ethnicity, household income, education, occupation, victimisation and witnessing violence