Table 4.
Students’ behavior of using antibiotic
| Question (response) | Total % (n/N) |
Whole % (n/N) |
1st year % (n/N) |
Final year % (n/N) |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MS | NS | χ 2 | p | MS | NS | χ 2 | p | MS | NS | χ 2 | p | ||
| Use antibiotics when having fever (temperature lower than 38.5°) |
45.8 (957/2088) |
49.8 (616/1236) |
40.0 (341/852) |
19.57 |
<0.0001*# |
37.8 (99/262) |
39.7 (56/141) |
0.14 |
0.7041 |
55.6 (134/241) |
38.8 (64/165) |
11.08 |
0.0009* |
| Common cold (always, often) |
11.5 (240/2088) |
13.6 (168/1236) |
8.5 (72/852) |
13.11 |
0.0003*# |
10.3 (27/262) |
6.4 (9/141) |
1.73 |
0.1879 |
14.5 (35/241) |
9.7 (16/165) |
2.08 |
0.1496 |
| Acute bronchitis (always, often) |
22.9 (479/2088) |
29.5 (364/1236) |
13.5 (115/852) |
72.60 |
<0.0001*# |
17.6 (46/262) |
14.2 (20/141) |
0.76 |
0.3829 |
39.8 (96/241) |
15.8 (26/165) |
27.01 |
<0.0001* |
| Coughing up yellow/green sputum (always, often) |
27.6 (576/2088) |
37.9 (468/1236) |
12.7 (108/852) |
160.18 |
<0.0001*# |
18.3 (48/262) |
14.9 (21/141) |
0.76 |
0.3837 |
56.4 (136/241) |
12.1 (20/165) |
81.28 |
<0.0001* |
| Sore throat (always, often) |
15.3 (320/2088) |
18.9 (233/1236) |
10.2 (87/852) |
29.01 |
<0.0001*# |
14.9 (39/262) |
10.6 (15/141) |
1.43 |
0.2326 |
20.8 (50/241) |
10.9 (18/165) |
6.80 |
0.0091* |
| Cough with fever (always, often) |
19.9 (415/2088) |
24.5 (303/1236) |
13.2 (112/852) |
40.93 |
<0.0001*# |
11.5 (30/262) |
12.1 (17/141) |
0.03 |
0.8565 |
28.6 (69/241) |
7.3 (12/165) |
27.98 |
<0.0001* |
| Congested nose with headache (always, often) |
12.5 (261/2088) |
15.0 (185/1236) |
8.9 (76/852) |
16.86 |
<0.0001*# |
9.9 (26/262) |
10.6 (15/141) |
0.05 |
0.8209 |
15.8 (38/241) |
5.5 (9/165) |
10.18 |
0.0014* |
| Coughing up white sputum (always, often) |
9.4 (196/2088) |
10.9 (135/1236) |
7.2 (61/852) |
8.39 |
0.0038* |
4.6 (12/262) |
6.4 (9/141) |
0.60 |
0.4374 |
17.8 (43/241) |
9.7 (16/165) |
5.23 |
0.0222* |
| Cough lasting 2 weeks or more (always, often) |
27.6 (576/2088) |
32.6 (403/1236) |
20.3 (173/852) |
38.20 |
<0.0001*# |
23.7 (62/262) |
20.6 (29/141) |
0.50 |
0.4782 |
35.7 (86/241) |
18.2 (30/165) |
14.70 |
0.0001* |
| Asked doctors to prescribe antibiotics when you catch a common cold (yes) | 16.4 (335/2042) | 19.2 (231/1206) | 12.4 (104/836) | 16.99 | 0.0002*# | 9.6 (25/261) | 8.6 (12/140) | 0.11 | 0.7397 | 29.8 (68/228) | 11.5 (18/157) | 18.07 | <0.0001* |
*p <0.05; #Significance after multiple test correction.