Table 3.

Mean differences in selected cortisol features associated with categories of compliance score (high compliance as the reference) before and after adjustment for socio-demographic characteristics. Estimates are shown for cortisol values log-transformed prior to com computing individual-level features (Log-cortisol units), and for standardized variables (standard deviation units) to enable comparison across features.

	Wakeup		CAR		Early Decline Slope		Late Decline Slope		AUC
	Crude	Adj*	Crude	Adj*	Crude	Adj*	Crude	Adj*	Crude	Adj*
Log-cortisol units†
Middle vs High compliance	0.02 (−0.07, 0.1)	0.01 (−0.07, 0.09)	−0.06 (−0.13, 0.01)	−0.05 (−0.12, 0.02)	0.00 (−0.07, 0.07)	0.00 (−0.07, 0.06)	0.01 (0, 0.02)	0.01 (0, 0.01)	0.04 (−0.03, 0.11)	0.03 (−0.03, 0.10)
Low vs High compliance	−0.04 (−0.13, 0.06)	−0.04 (−0.13, 0.05)	−0.09 (−0.18, −0.01)	−0.08 (−0.16, 0.0)	0.03 (−0.06, 0.11)	0.01 (−0.07, 0.09)	0.01 (0, 0.02)	0.00 (0, 0.01)	−0.01 (−0.08, 0.07)	−0.03 (−0.1, 0.05)
Standard deviation units
Middle vs. high compliance	0.03 (−0.1, 0.15)	0.02 (−0.11, 0.14)	−0.09 (−0.21, 0.02)	−0.08 (−0.2, 0.03)	0.00 (−0.11, 0.11)	0.00 (−0.11, 0.11)	0.09 (0.01, 0.17)	0.08 (0.00, 0.16)	0.08 (−0.06, 0.21)	0.06 (−0.06, 0.19)
Low vs high compliance	−0.06 (−0.19, 0.08)	−0.06 (−0.2, 0.08)	−0.15 (−0.29, −0.02)	−0.13 (−0.27, 0.00)	0.04 (−0.1, 0.19)	0.02 (−0.12, 0.16)	−0.01 (−0.13, 0.12)	−0.02 (−0.14, 0.11)	−0.01 (−0.16, 0.14)	−0.05 (−0.2, 0.09)

Note:

^†Beta coefficients from log-cortisol unit models (log relative differences) can be exponentiated to obtain relative differences in cortisol features by compliance score category.

^*Adjusted models control for race/ethnicity, sex, age, income, and education. Statistically significant associations are bolded.