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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 May 21.

Published in final edited form as: Diabetologia. 2008 Oct 30;52(1):60–64. doi: 10.1007/s00125-008-1180-z

Table 1.

Clinical characteristics of diabetic patients before and after combined thiazolidinedione–metformin treatment

Characteristic	Diabetic	Non-diabetic

	Pre-treatment (n = 5)	Post-treatment (n = 5)	No-treatment (n = 4)
Age (Years)	51 ± 3	51 ± 3	48 ± 3
BMI (kg/m²)	35 ± 3	35 ± 2	26 ± 1^†
Serum glucose (mmol)	11.9 ± 2.1	7.6 ± 1.1	5.2 ± 0.6^†
HbA_1c (%)	7.7 ± 0.7	7.1 ± 0.9	5.8 ± 0.1^†
Serum insulin (pmol/l)	159 ± 28	69 ± 14^*	63 ± 21^†
Serum C-peptide (nmol/l)	2.13 ± 0.80	1.23 ± 0.23	0.73 ± 0.20
Serum triacylglycerol (mmol)	3.96 ± 2.54	2.43 ± 1.36	1.33 ± 0.14
Serum cholesterol (mmol/l)	5.54 ± 0.65	4.79 ± 1.78	4.95 ± 0.49
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)	2.80 ± 0.36	2.46 ± 0.26	2.72 ± 0.23
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)	1.27 ± 0.10	1.09 ± 0.16	1.37 ± 0.16

Values are mean ± SEM

^*

p < 0.05, post-treatment vs pre-treatment in diabetic participants;

^†

p < 0.05, non-diabetic control participants vs pre-treated diabetic participants