Table 1.

Study inclusion and exclusion criteria

Criteria
Inclusion
Age	18–65 years
Diagnosis	Mechanical low back pain
Duration	Greater than 3 months duration
Language	English speaking and English literate
Consent	Willing and able to give full consent
Exclusion
Pathology	Suspected or confirmed serious spinal pathology (cauda equine syndrome, fracture, metastatic, inflammatory spinal disease, pre-existing neurological condition)
Past medical history	Illicit drug use, spinal surgery, spinal cord stimulator implantation, cardiac history, psychiatric illness or personality disorder, intellectual disorder
Pregnancy	Suspected or confirmed pregnancy