Table 3.
Significant risk factors associated with 30-day mortality in 1,024 patients with invasive Staphylococcus aureus infections in 9 active surveillance core centers in 3 regions of Korea, July 2009 ~ June 2011
| Risk factors | No. of Survivors (N = 762) | No. of Non-survivors (N = 262) | Univariate OR (95% CI) | Multivariate OR a (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, ≥65 or <6 years |
370 (49) |
181 (69) |
2.367 (1.757-3.189) |
2.068 (1.822-3.575) |
| Steroid use within 1 month |
67 (9) |
40 (15) |
1.869 (1.228-2.844) |
1.891 (1.150-3.107) |
| Indwelling medical device |
287/741 (39) |
112/248 (45) |
1.303 (0.974-1.742) |
NS |
| Long-term care facility resident |
288/703 (41) |
117/240 (49) |
1.371 (1.021-1.840) |
NS |
| Underlying illness |
|
|
|
|
| Charlson’s WIC, ≥3 |
235 (31) |
130 (50) |
2.209 (1.658-2.942) |
1.796 (1.294-2.495) |
| Chronic pulmonary disease |
26 (3) |
23 (9) |
2.724 (1.526-4.864) |
NS |
| Connective tissue disease |
20 (3) |
14 (5) |
2.094 (1.042-4.209) |
3.042 (1.342-6.895) |
| Ulcer disease |
71 (9) |
41 (16) |
1.806 (1.194-2.729) |
NS |
| Moderate to severe liver disease |
36 (5) |
30 (12) |
2.608 (1.571-4.328) |
4.004 (2.205-7.273) |
| Metastatic solid tumor |
31 (4) |
38 (15) |
4.000 (2.433-6.578) |
3.724 (2.106-6.584) |
| Primary diagnosis, infection |
|
|
|
|
| Respiratory tract |
80 (10) |
52 (39) |
2.111 (1.441-3.093) |
NS |
| Skin and soft tissue |
105 (14) |
23 (9) |
0.602 (0.375-0.968) |
0.598 (0.340-0.998) |
| Surgical site |
86 (11) |
13 (5) |
0.410 (0.225-0.749) |
NS |
| Bone and joint |
93 (12) |
14 (5) |
0.406 (0.227-0.726) |
NS |
| Unknown |
169 (22) |
74 (28) |
1.381 (1.004-1.900) |
NS |
| MRSA infection |
467 (61) |
181 (69) |
1.412 (1.046-1.905) |
NS |
| Severe sepsis or septic shock |
65 (9) |
88 (34) |
5.423 (3.780-7.781) |
6.173 (4.107-9.277) |
| Metastatic infection of lung |
46 (6) |
27 (10) |
1.788 (1.087-2.941) |
2.169 (1.223-3.847) |
| Inappropriate empirical antibiotics |
323 (42) |
129 (49) |
1.318 (0.995-1.747) |
NS |
| Inappropriate definitive antibiotics | 85 /756 (11) | 35 /214 (17) | 1.650 (1.084-2.512) | 3.199 (2.352-4.350) |
Data indicate no. (%) of patients. Total no. of cases was 1,024, because detailed clinical information was not available for 174 patients. Charlson’s weighted index of co-morbidity and each underlying diseases were analyzed in separate logistic regression models to avoid data overlap in the multivariate analysis.
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; MRSA, methicillin-resistant S. aureus; Charlson’s WIC, Charlson’s weighted index of co-morbidity; NS, not significant.
aRisk factors with P values of less than .10 in univariate analysis were included in the initial model. P values of less than .05 were considered statistically significant in the multivariate analysis.