Table 3.
Examples of diseases associated with changes in 5-hydroxymethylation or TET regulation.
| Diseases | Observed changes | References |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer | ||
| Gliomas | Decreased 5hmC | [42] |
| Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Decreased 5hmC in both human and rodent HCC | [43] |
| Melanomas | Decreased TET2 and 5hmC | [44], [45] |
| Acute myeloid leukemia | Increased TET1 and 5hmC in bone marrow samples | [47] |
| Myelodysplastic syndrome | Decreased TET2 and 5hmC in bone marrow samples | [50] |
| Late-onset diseases | ||
| Huntington’s disease | Decreased 5hmC in mouse brain | [51] |
| Alzheimer’s disease | Increased 5hmC in mouse brain of females offspring experiencing prenatal stress | [54] |
| Psychosis | Increased TET1 and 5hmC in brain cortex tissue of psychotic and depressed patients | [55] |