Table 3.
Association between CRP, IL-6 and TNFα-R2 blood levels and incident clinical depression. NHS 1989-2010
| CRP | P trend | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Broad definition | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |
| Number of events | 145 | 182 | 178 | 198 | |
| Person-years | 13,639 | 12,886 | 12,688 | 12,625 | |
| Age adjusted RR | 1.00 | 1.34 (1.07-1.69) | 1.33 (1.05-1.67) | 1.42 (1.14-1.78) | 0.0 04 |
| Age and BMI adjusted RR | 1.00 | 1.33 (1.05-1.67) | 1.31 (1.03-1.66) | 1.41 (1.11-1.80) | 0.01 |
| Multivariate adjusted RR1 | 1.00 | 1.23 (0.97-1.56) | 1.16 (0.91-1.49) | 1.18 (0.91-1.53) | 0.29 |
| Strict definition | |||||
| Number of events | 53 | 79 | 79 | 81 | |
| Person-years | 13,730 | 12,988 | 12,789 | 12,742 | |
| Age adjusted RR | 1.00 | 1.55 (1.08-2.23) | 1.62 (1.13-2.34) | 1.48 (1.03-2.12) | 0.04 |
| Age and BMI adjusted RR | 1.00 | 1.51 (1.04-2.17) | 1.56 (1.07-2.29) | 1.39 (0.94-2.06) | 0.12 |
| Multivariate adjusted RR | 1.00 | 1.48 (1.01-2.17) | 1.48 (1.00-2.21) | 1.26 (0.83-1.92) | 0.34 |
|
| |||||
| IL-6 | |||||
| Broad definition | |||||
| Number of events | 104 | 109 | 87 | 119 | |
| Person-years | 8,080 | 7,919 | 7,994 | 7,592 | |
| Age adjusted RR | 1.00 | 1.11 (0.83-1.48) | 0.98 (0.72-1.34) | 1.40 (1.04-1.87) | 0.04 |
| Age and BMI adjusted RR | 1.00 | 1.09 (0.82-1.47) | 0.96 (0.70-1.31) | 1.35 (0.99-1.83) | 0.07 |
| Multivariate adjusted RR | 1.00 | 1.11 (0.82-1.51) | 1.04 (0.75-1.44) | 1.31 (0.95-1.80) | 0.12 |
| Strict definition | |||||
| Number of events | 43 | 44 | 34 | 45 | |
| Person-years | 8,141 | 7,985 | 8,046 | 7,669 | |
| Age adjusted RR | 1.00 | 1.03 (0.66-1.62) | 0.98 (0.61-1.59) | 1.23 (0.78-1.95) | 0.39 |
| Age and BMI adjusted RR | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.62-1.55) | 0.89 (0.54-1.46) | 1.09 (0.67-1.77) | 0.76 |
| Multivariate adjusted RR | 1.00 | 0.92 (0.56-1.51 | 0.94 (0.55-1.60) | 1.15 (0.68-1.93) | 0.56 |
|
| |||||
| TNFα-R2 | |||||
| Broad definition | |||||
| Number of events | 116 | 116 | 97 | 134 | |
| Person-years | 9,080 | 8,946 | 8,987 | 8,476 | |
| Age adjusted RR | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.75-1.30) | 0.83 (0.62-1.10) | 1.17 (0.89-1.54) | 0.35 |
| Age and BMI adjusted RR | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.74-1.29) | 0.82 (0.61-1.09) | 1.13 (0.86-1.49) | 0.53 |
| Multivariate adjusted RR | 1.00 | 1.04 (0.78-1.39) | 0.78 (0.58-1.05) | 1.08 (0.80-1.45) | 0.91 |
| Strict definition | |||||
| Number of events | 44 | 49 | 40 | 53 | |
| Person-years | 9,154 | 9,012 | 9,047 | 8,556 | |
| Age adjusted RR | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.63-1.52) | 0.79 (0.50-1.24) | 1.05 (0.67-1.62) | 0.97 |
| Age and BMI adjusted RR | 1.00 | 0.92 (0.59-1.43) | 0.75 (0.47-1.18) | 0.96 (0.61-1.51) | 0.77 |
| Multivariate adjusted RR | 1.00 | 0.94 (0.59-1.51) | 0.69 (0.42-1.14) | 0.96 (0.59-1.56) | 0.72 |
Adjusted for age, BMI (<20, 20-23, 23-25, 25-28 or ≥28 kg/m2), physical activity (METs/week in quintiles), menopause (yes vs.no), hormonal replacement therapy use (never, past or current user), smoking (never, past 1-24, past ≥25, current 1-24, current ≥25 packs per year ), use of NSAIDs or aspirin (no use, use 1-4 days, 5-14 days, 15-21 days, ≥ 22 days/month) caffeine intake (quintiles), alcohol intake (never, <5, 5-10, 10-15 or >15 mg/day), neighborhood socioeconomic status (quintiles), husband education (college/graduate school vs. completed high school or less), and personal education (completed master or doctorate program vs. registered nurse or bachelor) at time of blood draw and presence of comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, stroke, myocardial infarction, angina, or cancer) during follow-up.