Table 2.
Univariable and multivariable Poisson parameter estimates for factors associated with anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment initiation
| Variable | Univariable | Multivariable | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimate | 95% confidence interval | P-value | Estimate | 95% confidence interval | P-value | ||
| Calendar year: 1998 | vs. 2003–2004 | 0.07 | (0.04–0.12) | < 0.0001 | 0.11 | (0.06–0.21) | < 0.0001 |
| 1999–2000 | vs. 2003–2004 | 0.48 | (0.34–0.68) | < 0.0001 | 0.43 | (0.29–0.65) | 0.0001 |
| 2001–2002 | vs. 2003–2004 | 0.89 | (0.68–1.16) | 0.39 | 0.65 | (0.47–0.89) | 0.0074 |
| 2005–2006 | vs. 2003–2004 | 1.72 | (1.37–2.15) | < 0.0001 | 0.97 | (0.73–1.29) | 0.85 |
| 2007–2008 | vs. 2003–2004 | 2.65 | (2.15–3.27) | < 0.0001 | 1.28 | (0.98–1.68) | 0.074 |
| 2009–2010 | vs. 2003–2004 | 1.68 | (1.33–2.12) | < 0.0001 | 0.82 | (0.61–1.11) | 0.20 |
| South | vs. West Central Europe | 1.17 | (0.98–0.40) | 0.081 | 1.38 | (1.06–1.82) | 0.019 |
| North | vs. West Central Europe | 0.74 | (0.57–0.95) | 0.021 | 1.02 | (0.73–1.44) | 0.89 |
| East Central | vs. West Central Europe | 1.20 | (0.96–1.51) | 0.12 | 1.03 | (0.74–1.43) | 0.85 |
| East | vs. West Central Europe | 1.38 | (1.03–1.84) | 0.030 | 1.18 | (0.78–1.78) | 0.45 |
| Started cART* | 3.29 | (2.54–4.26) | < 0.0001 | 1.33 | (0.93–1.90) | 0.12 | |
| CD4 count < 200 cells/μL* | vs. CD4 count 200−350 cells/μL | 0.21 | (0.14–0.32) | < 0.0001 | 0.42 | (0.27–0.65) | 0.0001 |
| CD4 > 350 cells/μL* | vs. CD4 count 200−350 cells/μL | 2.86 | (2.35–3.48) | < 0.0001 | 1.33 | (1.06–1.67) | 0.013 |
| HIV RNA < 500 copies/mL* | vs. ≥ 500 copies/mL | 3.08 | (2.51–3.78) | < 0.0001 | 1.39 | (1.07–1.80) | 0.012 |
| HCV RNA > 800 000 IU/mL* | vs. HCV RNA 616 to 800 000 IU/mL | 1.90 | (1.59–2.29) | < 0.0001 | 1.21 | (1.00–1.47) | 0.049 |
| MSM | vs. IDU | 1.48 | (1.13–1.94) | 0.0042 | 1.36 | (1.00–1.83) | 0.046 |
| Heterosexual | vs. IDU | 1.17 | (0.89–1.53) | 0.27 | 1.19 | (0.90–1.59) | 0.22 |
| Other | vs. IDU | 1.07 | (0.76–1.51) | 0.68 | 1.25 | (0.88–1.78) | 0.21 |
| HCV genotype 2 | vs. HCV genotype 1 | 0.75 | (0.41–1.36) | 0.35 | 1.05 | (0.56–1.94) | 0.89 |
| HCV genotype 3 | vs. HCV genotype 1 | 1.26 | (1.04–1.53) | 0.018 | 1.20 | (0.96–1.49) | 0.11 |
| HCV genotype 4 | vs. HCV genotype 1 | 1.09 | (0.84–1.41) | 0.51 | 1.20 | (0.90–1.59) | 0.21 |
| HCV genotype unknown | vs. HCV genotype 1 | 0.92 | (0.72–1.19) | 0.53 | 1.02 | (0.77–1.34) | 0.91 |
| NR < ALT < 3 times NR | vs. upper limit NR | 2.93 | (2.46–3.49) | < 0.0001 | 2.33 | (1.83–2.96) | < 0.0001 |
| ALT > 3 times NR | vs. upper limit NR | 3.39 | (2.65–4.34) | < 0.0001 | 3.56 | (2.61–4.86) | < 0.0001 |
| ALT unknown | vs. upper limit NR | 0.25 | (0.20–0.31) | < 0.0001 | 1.62 | (1.17–2.25) | 0.0039 |
The model was also adjusted for age, gender, race and hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) status.
ALT, alanine transaminase; cART, combination antiretroviral therapy; IDU, injecting drug use; MSM, men who have sex with men; NR, normal range for ALT, defined as < 50 U/L for men and < 40 U/L for women; 3 times NR, 3 times the normal range.
*Time-updated variable.