Table 2.
Improved Bioavailability of Curcumin with Curcumin Nanoformulations
| Formulation | Study Outcome | |
|---|---|---|
| Dose and Type of Administration | Improved Bioavailability | |
| Curcumin loaded poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) NPs [49] | 250 mg/kg (curcumin), 250 mg/kg (curcumin) + 10 mg/kg(piperine), and 100 mg/kg (PLGA NPs) body weight of rat Oral | The in vivo oral bioavailability was increased up to 9-fold compared to curcumin+piperine composition. |
| PLGA and a stabilizer polyethylene glycol (PEG)-5000 [50] | 2.5 mg/kg body weight of mice Intravenous | Curcumin NPs or curcumin were maintained at 430–100 ng/ml and 275–25 ng/ml in serum for 1–24 hrs. All time points tested curcumin NPs showed at least 2 fold more bioavailability. |
| Nanocrystal solid dispersion (CSD-Cur), amorphous solid dispersion (ASD-Cur), and nanoemulsion (NE-Cur) [51] | 100 mg/kg body weight of rat for curcumin and 20 mg/kg body weight of rat for CSD-CUR, ASD-CUR, and NE-CUR Oral | Oral bioavailability was increased from 0.9 (cur-cumin) to 14.3, 10.7, and 7.9% for CSD-CUR, ASD-CUR, and NE-CUR formulations, respectively. |
| Curcumin nanosuspension with D-α -tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) [52] | 15 mg/kg body weight of rabbit Intravenous | Approximately 3.8-fold greater bioavailability (145.42 ± 9.29 µg/mL min) was achieved with a mean residence time of 194.57 ± 32.18 (11.2-fold longer vs. curcumin). |
| Glycerol monooleate-poly(vinyl alco-hol)-pluronic (F127) polymer NPs [53] | 30 mg/kg body weight of mice Intravenous | At 1–24 hrs time points, curcumin NPs exhibited 17.5-4 µg/ml curcumin in serum while native cur-cumin was barely detected (0.2 µg/ml serum). |
| Nanocur™ [54] | 25 mg/kg body weight of mice Intraperitoneal | > 8 µg/ml plasma levels of Nanocur™ was present between 1 to 8 hrs whereas free curcumin in corn oil was barely detectable. |
| Solid lipid NPs C-SLNs: very high (VH); high (H); medium (M); and small (S) and free curcumin (C-S) [55] | 50, 50, 25, 12.5, and 1 mg/kg body weight of rat for C-S, VH, H, M, and S, respectively Oral | Approximately, 0.292, 14.29, 8.00, 7.87, and 1.00 µg/ ml of maximum of curcumin was present in serum by C-S, VH, H, M and S administrations, respectively. |
| Organogel-based nanoemulsion [56] | 240 mg/kg body weight of mice Oral | 8.5–9.8 fold increase in bioavailability. |
| PLGA-CUR LMw and HMw nanofor-mulations [57] | 50 mg/kg body weight of rat for LMw and HMw nanocurcumin formulations and 1000 mg/kg body weight of rat for free curcumin Oral | No significant difference in bioavailability between LMw and HMw curcumin nanoformulations but 1.67 and 40-fold higher bioavailability compared to free curcumin |
| Solid lipid NPs [58] | 400 mg/kg body weight of mice Intraperitoneal | 20 micro molar curcumin was noticed at 30 min. |
| Poly(ε–caprolactone)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε–caprolactone) triblock copolymer NPs [59] | 15 mg/kg body weight of rat Intravenous | Increased mean residence time from 0.169 to 40.148 hours and the area under the concentration– time curve increased 4.178-fold. |
| PLGA-CUR [60] | 7.5 mg/kg body weight of rat Intravenous | PLGA-CUR was found to be 6.139 mg/L h. |
| PLGA and PLGA-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) [61] | 50 mg/kg body weight of rat Oral | PLGA and PLGA-PEG NPs increased the curcu-min bioavailability by 15.6- and 55.4-fold, respectively. |
| Silica-coated flexible liposomes as a nanohybrid [62] | 50 mg/kg body weight of rat Oral | The bioavailability of CUR-SLs and CUR-FLs was 7.76- and 2.35-fold higher, respectively. |
| Lipid based oral formulation [63] | 250 mg/kg rat Oral | Improved Cmax and AUC0–∞ by 11.6 and 35.8 fold, respectively, over control. |