Transformation of M. truncatula roots. The hrgfp control was expressed under the control of the MtSEO-F1 promoter (PMtSEO-F1), whereas fusions of hrgfp to the SEO-F genes MtSEO-F1, MtSEO-F2, MtSEO-F3 or MtSEO-F4 were expressed under the control of the promoter of the corresponding SEO-F gene (PMtSEO-F1, -F2, -F3 or -F4). (A) PMtSEO-F1–hrGFP was expressed as a control and green fluorescence was detected in young sieve elements, identified by the presence of vacuoles (black arrows). (B, C, E) Expression of PMtSEO-F1-MtSEO-F1–hrGFP((B), PMtSEO-F2-MtSEO-F2–hrGFP((C) and PMtSEO-F4-MtSEO-F4–hrGFP (E) produced fluorescent forisomes due to the incorporation of the MtSEO-F subunit into native forisomes. (D) Expression of PMtSEO-F3-MtSEO-F3–hrGFP produced fluorescent agglomerates clearly visible on sieve plates (asterisk), but they were not incorporated into native forisomes (white arrow). Furthermore, parietal green fluorescence was detected in the sieve elements (arrowheads). Sieve plates are marked with an asterisk. Scale bars: (A–E) = 5 μm.