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A hierarchical pore size distribution that an ideal scaffold should exhibit [11].
| Pore sizes of a 3D scaffold | Biochemical effect or function |
|---|---|
| <1 μm | Interaction with proteins |
| Responsible for bioactivity | |
| 1–20 μm | Type of cells attracted |
| Cellular development | |
| Orientation and directionality of cellular ingrowth | |
| 100–1000 μm | Cellular growth |
| Bone ingrowth | |
| Predominant function in the mechanical strength | |
| >1000 μm | Implant functionality |
| Implant shape | |
| Implant esthetics |
