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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Res. 2014 Apr 5;131:95–103. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.02.017

Table 2.

Airborne data collection and prediction by location and monitoring period: A) Summary of strata by location and monitoring period, B) Year of monitoring predicts PAH, BC and PM2.5

A.
Location Outdoora Indoorb
Monitoring periods 2006–2012 2005–2012 2001–2012
Age group(s) 5/6 - 9/10 yrs 5/6 - 9/10 yrs Prenatal - 9/10 yrs

Number of observations 195 527c 623d
# of repeat subjects (≥2) 28 62 136
B.
Location Outdoora Indoorb
Monitoring periods 2006–2012 2005–2012 2001–2012

Annual percent change (APC), [%]
eΣ8PAHsemivolatile 0.70 7.90** -

PYR 3.77* 4.81** −2.76**

fΣ8PAHnonvolatile −1.98 −0.70 −4.21**

BC −2.08 −2.08* -

PM2.5 −5.35** −2.18 -

-: Not available. Data were natural-log transformed and annual percent change in air pollutant concentration was calculated by 100*[exp(log_βadj)−1] where log_βadj expressed in log-adjusted ng·m−3/year for PAHs and log-adjusted μg·m−3/year for BC and PM2.5;

a

Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) conducted after controlling for moved (defined as change of addresses between age 5 and 9 years), heat season and ambient ozone;

b

GEE analysis conducted after controlling for race/ethnicity, maternal education, current ETS exposure, gas stove cooking, housing crowding (defined as the number of people living in the house), heat season and ambient ozone.

c

Reduced by n=13 and

d

Reduced by n=15 due to missing covariates;

e

Σ8PAHsemivolatile: PYR, PHEN, 1-MEPH, 2- MEPH, 3- MEPH, 9-MEPH, 1,7-DMEPH, and 3,6-DMEPH;

f

Σ8PAHnonvolatile: BaA, BbFA, BkFA, BaP, BghiP, Chry, DahA and IP; boldface type indicates statistical significance with *p-value<0.05 and **p-value<0.01.