Table 2.
Characteristics of patients with and without septic shock
| Variables | Septic shock group | Non-septic shock group | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | ||
| Patients | 23 | 46 | |||
| Age (yr) | |||||
| Median [range] | 73 [43–98] | 65 [18–87] | |||
| Mean ± SD | 69.1 ± 13.8 | 62.2 ± 16.9 | 0.073 | ||
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 7 | 30.4 | 17 | 37.0 | |
| Female | 16 | 69.6 | 29 | 63.0 | 0.789 |
| Performance status | |||||
| 0 | 10 | 43.5 | 32 | 69.6 | |
| 1 | 1 | 4.4 | 3 | 6.5 | |
| 2 | 2 | 8.7 | 6 | 13.0 | |
| 3 | 3 | 13.0 | 4 | 8.7 | |
| 4 | 7 | 30.4 | 1 | 2.2 | 0.012 |
| Diabetes mellitus | |||||
| Negative | 11 | 47.8 | 37 | 80.4 | |
| Positive | 12 | 52.2 | 9 | 19.6 | 0.011 |
| Cardiovascular or neurologic disease | |||||
| Negative | 13 | 56.5 | 35 | 76.1 | |
| Positive | 10 | 43.5 | 11 | 23.9 | 0.107 |
| Immunocompromised status | |||||
| Negative | 19 | 82.6 | 42 | 91.3 | |
| Positive | 4 | 17.4 | 4 | 8.7 | 0.426 |
| History of urinary tract abnormalities | |||||
| Negative | 21 | 91.3 | 44 | 95.7 | |
| Positive | 2 | 8.7 | 2 | 4.3 | 0.596 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | |||||
| Median [range] | 1.8 [0.4–7.0] | 1.1 [0.6–7.8] | |||
| Mean ± SD | 2.1 ± 1.5 | 1.4 ± 1.2 | 0.069 | ||
| eGFR (mL/min./1.73 m2) | |||||
| Median [range] | 26.5 [7.1–112.3] | 44.1 [4.4–82.5] | |||
| Mean ± SD | 35.4 ± 27.6 | 45.5 ± 19.2 | 0.122 | ||
| Leukocyte counts (× 103/μL) | |||||
| Median [range] | 15.7 [1.8–47.0] | 13.7 [5.1–28.8] | |||
| Mean ± SD | 17.6 ± 10.3 | 14.8 ± 5.2 | 0.231 | ||
| C-reactive protein (mg/dL) | |||||
| Median [range] | 13.7 [0.2–39.6] | 13.1 [0.0–41.7] | |||
| Mean ± SD | 15.0 ± 10.4 | 13.3 ± 9.4 | 0.506 | ||
| Platelet counts (×104/μL) | |||||
| Median [range] | 11.6 [2.4–36.1] | 21.1 [4.8–60.1] | |||
| Mean ± SD | 14.0 ± 9.2 | 22.3 ± 10.9 | 0.002 | ||
| Serum albumin (g/dL) | |||||
| Median [range] | 2.6 [1.8–4.3] | 3.3 [2.1–4.5] | |||
| Mean ± SD | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 3.3 ± 0.6 | 0.003 | ||
| Midstream urine culture | |||||
| Negative | 2 | 8.7 | 16 | 37.2 | |
| Positive | 21 | 91.3 | 30 | 62.8 | 0.022 |
| Blood culture | |||||
| Negative | 11 | 47.8 | 40 | 87.0 | |
| Positive | 12 | 52.2 | 6 | 13.0 | 0.001 |
| Hydronephrosis | |||||
| Low-grade | 8 | 34.8 | 28 | 60.9 | |
| High-grade | 15 | 65.2 | 18 | 39.1 | 0.072 |
| Laterality | |||||
| Right | 9 | 39.1 | 24 | 52.2 | |
| Left | 14 | 60.9 | 22 | 47.8 | 0.444 |
| Position | |||||
| Renal calyx or pelvis | 1 | 4.4 | 5 | 10.9 | |
| Pelvic ureteral junction | 2 | 8.7 | 6 | 13.0 | |
| Upper ureter | 9 | 39.1 | 23 | 50.0 | |
| Mid ureter | 4 | 17.4 | 4 | 8.7 | |
| Lower ureter | 7 | 30.4 | 8 | 17.4 | 0.464 |
| Size (mm) (mean ± SD) | |||||
| Longest diameter | |||||
| Median [range] | 8.0 [4.0–35.0] | 9.5 [2.0–80.0] | |||
| Mean ± SD | 9.8 ± 7.0 | 11.7 ± 12.3 | 0.415 | ||
| Shortest diameter | |||||
| Median [range] | 5.0 [2.0–15.0] | 6.0 [2.0–39.0] | |||
| Mean ± SD | 6.0 ± 3.0 | 7.9 ± 7.6 | 0.140 | ||
| Drainage | |||||
| None | 1 | 4.4 | 23 | 50.0 | |
| Ureteral stent | 18 | 78.2 | 18 | 39.1 | |
| Nephrostomy | 4 | 17.4 | 5 | 10.9 | 0.001 |
| Time to drainage (day) | |||||
| Median [range] | 1.0 [1–3] | 1.0 [1–4] | |||
| Mean ± SD | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 0.263 | ||
| Susceptibility test of initial antimicrobial treatment | |||||
| Resistant | 6 | 26.1 | 6 | 13.0 | |
| Susceptible | 17 | 73.9 | 40 | 87.0 | 0.178 |
| Time until susceptible antimicrobial treatment (day) | |||||
| Median [range] | 1.0 [1–4] | 1.0 [1–4] | |||
| Mean ± SD | 1.6 ± 1.0 | 1.3 ± 0.9 | 0.308 | ||
| Duration of symptom (day) | |||||
| Median [range] | 2.0 [1–9] | 2.0 [1–4] | |||
| Mean ± SD | 2.3 ± 2.1 | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 0.245 | ||
eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate