Table 4.
Targeted Drugs and Market Failure: Change in the Use of Isosorbide Dinitrate Alone, Hydralazine Hydrochloride Alone before versus after Market Introduction of BiDil
Isosorbide dinitrate use only, before vs after introduction of BiDil | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patients | Region | Total use, % (N = 288,559) |
|||
Northeast, % | Midwest, % | South, % | West, % | ||
Female Black |
2.19 vs 0.0 | 0.0 vs 0.41 | 0.0 vs 0.0 | 0.0 vs 0.0 | 0.49 vs 0.05 |
Nonblack | 0.13 vs 0.01 | 0.26 vs 4.02 | 3.0 vs 2.8 | 0.49 vs 0.0 | 0.31 vs 2.35 |
Male Black |
1.7 vs 0.0 | 0.0 vs 0.0 | 0.0 vs 0.0 | 0.0 vs 0.0 | 0.47 vs 0.0 |
Nonblack | 0.0 vs 0.63 | 0.02 vs 1.42 | 0.37 vs 0.0 | 0.02 vs 0.0 | 0.13 vs 0.38 |
Hydralazine hydrochloride use only, before vs after introduction of BiDil | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patients | Region | Total use, % (N = 322,130) |
|||
Northeast, % | Midwest, % | South, % | West, % | ||
Female Black |
0.0 vs 0.0 | 0.0 vs 0.39 | 0.0 vs 0.0 | 0.0 vs 0.0 | 0.0 vs 0.05 |
Nonblack | 0.0 vs 1.37 | 0.44 vs 0.13 | 0.0 vs 2.28 | 1.19 vs 0.0 | 0.42 vs 1.35 |
Male Black |
9.80 vs 14.74 | 0.010 vs 0.0 | 0.56 vs 2.30 | 0.0 vs 0.0 | 3.12 vs 2.03 |
Nonblack | 3.95 vs 0.0 | 2.11 vs 0.0 | 0.26 vs 0.21 | 0.0 vs 0.0 | 1.23 vs 0.09 |
BiDil or isosorbide dinitrate/hydralazine hydrochloride use, before vs after introduction of BiDil | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patients | Region | Total use, % (N = 14,247) |
|||
Northeast, % | Midwest, % | South, % | West, % | ||
Female Black |
0.0 vs 0.0 | 0.0 vs 7.40 | 0.0 vs 0.72 | 0.0 vs 0.0 | 0.0 vs 1.44 |
Nonblack | 0.0 vs 0.0 | 0.0 vs 0.0 | 0.0 vs 0.02 | 0.0 vs 0.0 | 0.0 vs 0.01 |
Male Black |
0.0 vs 7.23 | 0.0 vs 0.0 | 0.03 vs 0.002 | 0.59 vs 0.0 | 3.96 vs 0.27 |
Nonblack | 0.0 vs 0.0 | 0.0 vs 0.0 | 0.0 vs 0.02 | 0.0 vs 0.01 | 0.0 vs 0.01 |
NOTE: Use of drugs indicated for heart failure as reported in National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey data.